<h2 class="sub-title">à¨à¨¨à¨«à©à¨¸à¨¿à¨¸ ਨ੠à¨à¨¿à¨ªà¨£à© à¨à¨¾à¨°à¨¤à© à¨à©à¨°à©à¨à©à¨à¨à¨¾à¨ ਦ੠ਪà©à¨°à©à¨à©à¨°à¨¾à¨® ਦ੠ਹà©à¨¨à¨°à¨¾à¨ ਦ੠ਬਹਿਸ à¨à©à¨¤à© ਹà©; à¨à©±à¨ ਸਿੱà¨à¨¿à¨ ਵਿੱਠਹਾà¨à¨¬à©à¨°à¨¿à¨¡ ਮà©à¨²à¨¾à¨à¨à¨£ ਫਰà©à¨®à¨µà¨°à¨ ਦ੠ਮੰਠà¨à¨°à¨¦à¨¾ ਹà©.</h2>
<p></p>
<div id="content-body-69243098" class="articlebodycontent col-xl-9 col-lg-12 col-md-12 col-sm-12 col-12" itemprop="articleBody">
<p>à¨à©°à¨«à©à¨¸à©à¨à¨ ਨà©à©° ਡà©à¨°à¨¸à¨¿à¨¸ ਨà©à©° ਬੰਦ à¨à¨°à¨¨ ਬਾਰ੠ਤਾà¨à¨¼à¨¾ à¨à¨¼à¨¬à¨°à¨¾à¨ ਫਰà©à¨¸à¨¼à¨° ਨà©à©° ਬੰਦ à¨à¨° ਦਿੰਦà©à¨à¨ ਸਨ, à¨à©±à¨ ਸਿੱà¨à¨¿à¨ ਦ੠à¨à©±à¨à¨° ਵਿੱਠਨਾਰਾà¨à¨¼à¨à© ਦ੠à¨à¨¾à¨°à¨¨. à¨à©°à¨ªà¨¨à© ਦਾ à¨à¨à¨¿à¨¤à¨¤à¨¾ à¨à¨¹ ਸ੠à¨à¨¿ à¨à¨¹ à¨à©à¨°à©à¨à©à¨à¨à¨¾à¨ ਨà©à©° ਪà©à¨¤à¨¾à¨² ਸਾਫ਼ à¨à¨°à¨¨ ਲਠਸਿà¨à¨²à¨¾à¨ ਦਿੱਤ੠à¨à¨ ਸ੠ਠਤ੠à¨à¨¨à©à¨¹à¨¾à¨ ਸਾਰਿà¨à¨ ਦ੠ਬਾਵà¨à©à¨¦, à¨à¨¹ ਠਸਫਲ ਹà©à¨; ਠਤ੠à¨à¨¸ ਲਠà¨à¨¨à©à¨¹à¨¾à¨ ਨà©à©° ਬਰà¨à¨¾à¨¸à¨¤ à¨à¨° ਦਿੱਤਾ à¨à¨¿à¨ ਸà©. ਰਿਪà©à¨°à¨ ਵਿਠਠà¨à¨¸à¨° à¨à¨¹ ਲਿà¨à¨¿à¨ ਹ੠à¨à¨¿ à¨à¨¾à¨°à¨¤à© à¨à©°à¨ªà¨¿ computer à¨à¨° à¨à©°à¨à©à¨¨à©à¨ ਰਾਠà¨à©à¨² ਸਿਰਫ à¨à©à¨à© ਹਿੱਸ੠ਵਿਠਮ੠basic ਲ੠ਪà©à¨°à©à¨à¨°à¨¾à¨®à¨¿à©°à¨ ਹà©à¨¨à¨° ਹà©à©°à¨¦à© ਹਨ. à¨à¨¹ ਸਾਨà©à©° à¨à¨¹ ਪà©à¨°à¨¸à¨¼à¨¨ ਮੰਨਦਾ ਹ੠&#8211; à¨à© à¨à©°à¨¡à©à¨ ਨ à¨à©à¨°à©à¨à©à¨à¨ ਪà©à¨°à©à¨à¨°à¨¾à¨®à¨¿à©°à¨ ਵਿੱਠਠਸਮਰੱਥ ਹà©?</p>
<p>à¨à¨£à¨¿à¨¤ ਦ੠ਤਰà©à¨¹à¨¾à¨, ਪà©à¨°à©à¨à¨°à¨¾à¨®à¨¿à©°à¨ à¨à¨à¨¸à©à¨²à©à¨à¨¸ ਠà¨à¨¿à¨à¨¸ ਦ੠ਨਾਲ à¨à¨à¨à¨¦à© ਹà©. ਬਦà¨à¨¿à¨¸à¨®à¨¤à© ਨਾਲ, ਨਾ ਸਿਰਫ à¨à©°à¨à©à¨¨à©à¨ ਰਿੰਠਸੰਸਥਾਵਾਠਦ੠à¨à©à¨°à¨¸ ਬà©à¨à¨ ਹਨ, à¨à¨¨à©à¨¹à¨¾à¨ à¨à©à¨² à¨à©à¨¡à¨¿à©°à¨ ਠà¨à¨¿à¨à¨¸ ਦਾ ਸà¨à¨¿à¨à¨à¨¾à¨° ਨਹà©à¨ ਹà©. à¨à¨¼à¨¿à¨à¨¦à¨¾à¨¤à¨° à¨à©°à¨à©à¨¨à©à¨ ਰਿੰਠà¨à©°à¨¸à¨à©à¨à¨¿ .ਸ ਪà©à¨°à¨¤à© ਲà©à¨¬ ਪà©à¨°à¨¤à© ਪà©à¨°à¨à¨¾à¨° 20 ਤà©à¨ à¨à©±à¨ ਪà©à¨°à©à¨à¨°à¨¾à¨®à¨¿à©°à¨ ਠà¨à¨¿à¨à¨¸ ਪà©à¨°à¨¦à¨¾à¨¨ à¨à¨°à¨¦à© ਹਨ, ਠਤ੠à¨à¨¹à© ਠà¨à¨¿à¨à¨¸ ਠੰਤਮ ਪà©à¨°à¨¯à©à¨à¨¸à¨¼à¨¾à¨²à¨¾ ਦà©à¨à¨ ਪà©à¨°à©à¨à¨¿à¨à¨µà¨¾à¨ ਵਿੱਠਵ੠à¨à¨à¨à¨¦à¨¾ ਹà©. ਵਿਦਿà¨à¨°à¨¥à© à¨à¨¨à©à¨¹à¨¾à¨ ਨà©à©° ਸਮà¨à¨£ ਦ੠ਬà¨à¨¾à¨ ਯਾਦ à¨à¨°à¨¦à© ਹਨ. </p>
<p>à¨à¨¨à©à¨¹à¨¾à¨ ਦ੠ਪà©à¨°à¨¯à©à¨à¨¸à¨¼à¨¾à¨²à¨¾ à¨à©à¨°à¨¸à¨¾à¨ ਨà©à©° à¨à¨²à¨¾à¨à¨£ ਲਠà¨à¨²à¨¾à¨à¨¡ ਠਧਾਰਤ à¨à©à¨¡à¨¿à©°à¨ ਠà¨à¨¿à¨à¨¸ ਪਲà©à¨à¨«à¨¾à¨°à¨®à¨¾à¨ ਵਿੱਠà¨à©à¨ ਪà©à¨°à¨¾à¨à¨µà©à¨-ਯà©à¨¨à©à¨µà¨°à¨¸à¨¿à¨à©à¨à¨ ਦਾ ਨਿਵà©à¨¸à¨¼ à¨à©à¨¤à¨¾ à¨à¨¿à¨ ਹà©. ਹਾਲਾà¨à¨à¨¿, à¨à¨à©±à¨²à© ਸਾੱਫà¨à¨µà©à¨ ਰ ਦ੠ਵਰਤà©à¨ ਨਾਲ à¨à¨à©±à¨²à© ਨਤà©à¨à¨¿à¨à¨ ਦ੠à¨à¨°à©°à¨à© ਨਹà©à¨ ਦਿੰਦਾ. à¨à¨¨à¨¾à¨ à¨à¨ªà¨à¨°à¨£à¨¾à¨ ਦ੠ਠਸਾਨ੠ਨਾਲ à¨à¨ªà¨²à¨¬à¨§ ਹà©à¨£ ਦ੠ਨਾਲ, ਵਿਦਿà¨à¨°à¨¥à© ਸਿੱà¨à¨£ ਦà©à¨à¨°à¨¾ ਸਿੱà¨à¨£ ਤà©à¨ à¨à¨²à¨¾à¨µà¨¾, ਰਵਾà¨à¨¤à© ਮà©à¨²à¨¾à¨à¨à¨£ ਵਿੱਠà¨à©à¨ ਤà©à¨ ਬà¨à¨£ ਲਠਰà¨à¨¨à¨¾à¨¤à¨®à¨ ਤਰà©à¨à© ਲੱà¨à¨¦à© ਹਨ.</p>
<h4 class="sub_head">ਸਵà©à¨à¨¾à¨²à¨¨ ਤà©à¨ ਪਰà©</h4>
<p>à¨à¨¦à©à¨ à¨à¨¿ ਮਸ਼à©à¨¨à¨¾à¨ ਦà©à¨¹à¨°à¨¾à¨à¨£ ਵਾਲ੠à¨à©°à¨®à¨¾à¨ ਨà©à©° ਸੰà¨à¨¾à¨²à¨¦à©à¨à¨ ਹਨ, ਮਨà©à©±à¨ ਬà©à¨§à¨¿à¨ à¨à©°à¨® à¨à¨°à¨¦à© ਹਨ. ਠੱਠਦਾ ਤà¨à¨¨à©à¨à© à¨à¨¦à¨¯à©à¨ à¨à¨¸ ਮਨà©à©±à¨à©-ਮਾਸਾà¨à¨¨ ਤਾਲਮà©à¨² &#8216;ਤ੠ਪà©à¨°à¨«à©à©±à¨²à¨¤ à¨à¨°à¨¦à¨¾ ਹà©. ਪà©à¨°à©à¨à©à¨°à¨¾à¨®à¨¿à©°à¨ à¨à¨à©à¨à©à¨¸à¨¼à¨¨ ਨà©à©° à¨à¨¸ ਹà¨à©à¨à¨¤ ਨà©à©° ਪà©à¨°à¨¦à¨°à¨¸à¨¼à¨¿à¨¤ à¨à¨°à¨¨à¨¾ à¨à¨¾à¨¹à©à¨¦à¨¾ ਹà©.</p>
<p>à¨à©±à¨ ਸਿੱà¨à¨¿à¨ ਸੰਸਥਾਵਾਠਨà©à©° à¨à©±à¨ ਹਾà¨à¨¬à©à¨°à¨¿à¨¡ ਪਹà©à©°à¨ ਠਪਣਾà¨à¨£ ਲਠà¨à¨¾à¨¹à©à¨¦à¨¾ ਹà©. à¨à¨¦à©à¨ à¨à¨¿ à¨à©à¨¡à¨¿à©°à¨ ਪਲà©à¨à¨«à¨¾à¨°à¨® ਬà©à¨¨à¨¿à¨à¨¦ ਪà©à¨°à¨¦à¨¾à¨¨ à¨à¨°à¨¦à© ਹਨ, ਵਿਵਾ-ਵà©à¨¸à© ਠਤ੠à¨à¨-à¨à¨ ਸà©à¨¸à¨¼à¨¨ ਨà©à©° ਵà©à¨²à¨à© ਵਾਸਤ੠ਦà©à¨£à© à¨à¨¾à¨¹à©à¨¦à© ਹਨ. à¨à¨¹ ਮà©à¨²à¨¾à¨à¨à¨£ ਸਰਲ ਸੰà¨à¨²à¨ªà¨à¨¾à¨°à© ਪà©à¨°à¨¸à¨¼à¨¨à¨¾à¨ ਤà©à¨ ਬਾਹਰ ਹà©à¨£à¨¾ à¨à¨¾à¨¹à©à¨¦à¨¾ ਹà©. à¨à¨¸ ਦ੠ਬà¨à¨¾à¨, ਵਿਦਿà¨à¨°à¨¥à©à¨à¨ ਨà©à©° à¨à¨ªà¨£à© à¨à©à¨¡ ਦ੠ਪà©à¨°à¨µà¨¾à¨¹ ਠਤ੠ਲਾà¨à© à¨à¨°à¨¨ ਦà©à¨à¨ à¨à©à¨£à¨¾à¨ ਦ੠ਵਿà¨à¨à¨¿à¨ à¨à¨°à¨¨à© à¨à¨¾à¨¹à©à¨¦à© ਹà©.</p>
<p>à¨à¨¦à©à¨ ਵਿਦਿà¨à¨°à¨¥à© à¨à¨ªà¨£à© à¨à©à¨¡ ਦ੠ਵਿà¨à¨à¨¿à¨ à¨à¨°à¨¦à© ਹਨ, ਪà©à¨°à¨¸à¨¼à¨¨ à¨à©à¨¦à¨°à¨¤à© ਤà©à¨° ਤ੠à¨à¨¨à©à¨¹à¨¾à¨ ਦ੠ਲਾà¨à© ਵਿà¨à¨²à¨ªà¨¾à¨ ਨਾਲ ਵà¨à¨¦à© ਹਨ. à¨à¨¨à©à¨¹à¨¾à¨ ਨ੠ਵਿਸ਼à©à¨¸à¨¼ ਲà©à¨ª structure ਾà¨à¨à¨¾ à¨à¨¿à¨à¨ ਵਰਤਿà¨? à¨à¨¸à¨¨à© à¨à¨®à¨° ਦ੠ਮਾਮਲਿà¨à¨ ਨà©à©° à¨à¨¿à¨µà©à¨ ਨਿà¨à¨¾à¨à¨? à¨à© à¨à¨¨à©à¨¹à¨¾à¨ ਨ੠à¨à¨¾à¨¸ ਪਰਿਵਰਤਨਸ਼à©à¨² ਨਾਮ à¨à©à¨£à© ਹਨ? </p>
<p>à¨à©±à¨ ਵਿਦਿà¨à¨°à¨¥à© à¨à© ਠਸਲ ਵਿੱਠਲਿà¨à¨¦à¨¾ ਹ੠ਠਤ੠ਸਮà¨à¨¦à¨¾ ਹ੠à¨à¨¿ à¨à©à¨¡ à¨à¨¨à©à¨¹à¨¾à¨ ਫà©à¨¸à¨²à¨¿à¨à¨ ਨà©à©° à¨à¨¸à¨¾à¨¨à© ਨਾਲ ਸਮà¨à¨¾ ਸà¨à¨¦à¨¾ ਹà©. ਹਾਲਾà¨à¨à¨¿, à¨à¨¹ ਲà©à¨ à¨à© à¨à¨à¨ à¨à©à¨²à¨ à¨à¨¾à¨ à¨à¨¾à¨ªà© à¨à©à¨¡à¨¾à¨ ਦ੠ਵਰਤà©à¨ à¨à¨°à¨¦à© ਹਨ à¨à¨¹à¨¨à¨¾à¨ à¨à¨ªà¨£à© à¨à©à¨£ ਨà©à©° à¨à¨¾à¨à¨à¨¼ ਠਹਿਰਾà¨à¨£ à¨à¨¾à¨ ਠੰਡਰਲਾà¨à©°à¨ ਦਲà©à¨² ਦ੠ਵਿà¨à¨à¨¿à¨ à¨à¨°à¨¨ ਲਠਸੰà¨à¨°à¨¸à¨¼ à¨à¨°à¨¦à© ਹਨ. </p>
<p>ਸà¨à©à¨à¨¡à¨°à¨¡ ਪà©à¨°à¨¸à¨¼à¨¨à¨¾à¨ ਦ੠ਨਾਲ ਰਵਾà¨à¨¤à© ਵਿਵਾ-ਵà©à¨à¨¼ ਦ੠à¨à¨²à¨, à¨à©±à¨ à¨à©à¨¡ ਵਾà¨à¨¥à¨°à© ਹਰà©à¨ ਵਿਦਿà¨à¨°à¨¥à© ਲਠà¨à¨¸à¨¦à© à¨à©°à¨® ਦ੠ਠਧਾਰ ਤ੠à¨à©±à¨ ਵਿਲੱà¨à¨£ ਮà©à¨²à¨¾à¨à¨à¨£ ਬਣਾà¨à¨à¨¦à¨¾ ਹà©. à¨à¨¹ ਪà©à¨°à¨®à¨¾à¨£à¨¿à¨ ​​ਸਿà¨à¨²à¨¾à¨ ਠਤ੠ਪà©à¨°à©à¨à©à¨°à¨¾à¨®à¨¿à©°à¨ ਯà©à¨à¨¤à¨¾ ਦ੠ਪà©à¨¸à¨¼à¨à© à¨à¨°à¨¨ ਲਠà¨à©±à¨ ਪà©à¨°à¨à¨¾à¨µà¨¸à¨¼à¨¾à¨²à© ਸਾਧਨ ਬਣਾà¨à¨à¨¦à¨¾ ਹà©. à¨à©à¨¡ ਸਪਸ਼à¨à©à¨à¨°à¨¨ ਵ੠à¨à¨ à¨à¨¾à¨¸à¨ ਤà¨à¨¨à©à¨ ਹ੠à¨à© à¨à¨¨à©à¨¹à¨¾à¨ ਦ੠à¨à©°à¨à¨°à¨µà¨¿. ਦà©à¨°à¨¾à¨¨ ਬਹà©à¨¤ ਸਾਰà©à¨à¨ à¨à©°à¨ªà¨¨à©à¨à¨ ਦà©à¨à¨°à¨¾ ਵਰਤ੠à¨à¨¾à¨à¨¦à© ਹà©.</p>
<h4 class="sub_head">à¨à©±à¨ ਮà¨à¨¼à¨¬à©à¨¤ ​​ਮà©à¨²à¨¾à¨à¨à¨£ structure ਾà¨à¨à¨¾</h4>
<p>à¨à©±à¨ ਮà¨à¨¼à¨¬à©à¨¤ ​​ਮà©à¨²à¨¾à¨à¨à¨£ structure ਾà¨à¨à© ਲਠà¨à¨à©à¨®à©à¨à¨¿à¨ ਠਤ੠ਮਨà©à©±à¨à© ਮà©à¨²à¨¾à¨à¨à¨£ ਦ੠ਹਿੱਸ੠ਦà©à¨µà¨¾à¨ ਲਠà¨à¨¼à¨°à©à¨°à© ਹà©à©°à¨¦à¨¾ ਹà©. à¨à©±à¨ ਸਿੱà¨à¨¿à¨ ਸੰਸਥਾਵਾਠਨà©à©° à¨à¨¹à¨¨à¨¾à¨ à¨à¨¾à¨à¨¾à¨ ਵਿੱਠ70-30 à¨à¨¾à¨à¨¾à¨ ਨà©à©° ਲਾà¨à© à¨à¨°à¨¨à¨¾ à¨à¨¾à¨¹à©à¨¦à¨¾ ਹà©. ਬੱਦਲ-ਠਧਾਰਤ à¨à©à¨¡à¨¿à©°à¨ ਪਲà©à¨à¨«à¨¾à¨°à¨®à¨¾à¨ ਦà©à¨à¨°à¨¾ à¨à¨à©à¨®à©à¨à¨¿à¨ ਮà©à¨²à¨¾à¨à¨à¨£ ਨà©à©° à¨à¨ à¨à©à¨¸à¨à¨¿à©°à¨ à¨à©à¨¸à¨à¨¾à¨ ਦ੠ਨਾਲ à¨à¨¾à¨à¨®à¨¿à©°à¨ à¨à©à¨¸à¨à¨¿à©°à¨ à¨à©à¨¸à¨à¨¾à¨ ਤ੠ਧਿà¨à¨¨ à¨à©à¨à¨¦à¨°à¨¤ à¨à¨°à¨¨à¨¾ à¨à¨¾à¨¹à©à¨¦à¨¾ ਹà©. ਮਨà©à©±à¨à© ਮà©à¨²à¨¾à¨à¨à¨£ ਵਿੱਠਰà©à¨²à¨¿à©°à¨ ਵਿਵਾ-ਵà©à¨¸ ਸà©à¨¸à¨¼à¨¨ ਸ਼ਾਮਲ ਹà©à¨£à¨¾ à¨à¨¾à¨¹à©à¨¦à¨¾ ਹ੠à¨à¨¿à©±à¨¥à© ਵਿਦਿà¨à¨°à¨¥à© à¨à¨à©à¨®à©à¨à¨¿à¨ à¨à©à¨¸à¨à¨¾à¨ ਤà©à¨ à¨à©±à¨ à¨à©à¨¡ ਤà©à¨°à¨¦à© ਹਨ.</p>
<p>ਪà©à¨°à¨à¨¾à¨µà¨¸à¨¼à¨¾à¨²à© immationmentation ੰਠਪà©à¨°à¨¬à©°à¨§à¨¨ ਲà¨, ਸੰਸਥਾਵਾਠਨà©à©° 60: 1 à¨à¨¾à¨ à¨à¨¸à¨¤à©à¨ à¨à©±à¨ ਦ੠à¨à©±à¨ ਠਨà©à¨à©à¨² ਵਿਦਿà¨à¨°à¨¥à©-ਸਮਾਰà©à¨¹ ਨà©à©° ਬਣਾਠਰੱà¨à¨£à¨¾ à¨à¨¾à¨¹à©à¨¦à¨¾ ਹà©. ਫà©à¨à¨²à¨à© ਮà©à¨à¨¬à¨° à¨à¨¦à¨°à¨¸à¨¼à¨ ਤà©à¨° ਤ੠15 ਮਿੰਠਦ੠ਵà©à¨µà¨¾-ਵà©à¨¸ ਸà©à¨¸à¨¼à¨¨ à¨à¨°à¨µà¨¾à¨à¨à¨¦à© ਹਨ, à¨à© ਹਰà©à¨ ਵਿਦਿà¨à¨°à¨¥à© ਦਾ à¨à©à¨£à¨¾à¨ ਦਾ ਮà©à¨²à¨¾à¨à¨à¨£ à¨à¨°à¨¦à© ਹਨ. à¨à¨¸ ਮà©à¨²à¨¾à¨à¨à¨£ ਵਾਲ੠ਪà©à¨¨à¨² ਵਿੱਠà¨à¨¦à©à¨¸à¨¼ à¨à¨¾à¨à¨® ਰੱà¨à¨£ ਲà¨, ਬਾਹਰ੠ਮà©à¨²à¨¾à¨à¨à¨£ à¨à¨°à¨¨ ਵਾਲ੠ਵ੠ਲਾà¨à¨¼à¨®à© ਹà©à¨£à¨à©.</p>
<p>ਫਰà©à¨®à¨µà¨°à¨ authortmentsication à©à¨à¨µà©à¨ ਬà©à¨¨à¨¿à¨à¨¦à© infrastromment ਾà¨à¨à© ਦ੠ਮੰਠà¨à¨°à¨¦à¨¾ ਹ੠&#8211; ਮà©à¨²à¨¾à¨à¨à¨£ ਠਤ੠ਰਿà¨à¨¾à¨°à¨¡à¨¿à©°à¨ ਲਠਮà©à¨à©à¨¦à¨¾ ਸਿà¨à¨¾à¨à¨£ ਵਾਲ੠ਪà©à¨°à¨¬à©°à¨§à¨¨ ਪà©à¨°à¨£à¨¾à¨²à©à¨à¨ ਨਾਲ ਸà©à¨°à©±à¨à¨¿à¨ ਤ à¨à¨à©à¨à©à¨°à¨¿à¨¤ ਡਿà¨à©à¨à¨² ਪਲà©à¨à¨«à¨¾à¨°à¨®. à¨à¨¹ ਰਿà¨à¨¾à¨°à¨¡à¨¿à©°à¨, ਠà¨à¨¾à¨¦à¨®à¨¿à¨ ਸਾਲ ਲਠਸà©à¨°à©±à¨à¨¿à¨ ਤ, à¨à©à¨£à¨µà©±à¨¤à¨¾ ਨਿਯੰਤਰਣ à¨à¨ªà¨¾à¨µà¨¾à¨ ਵà¨à©à¨ ਸà©à¨µà¨¾ à¨à¨°à¨¦à© ਹਨ ਠਤ੠ਮà©à¨²à¨¾à¨à¨à¨£ ਵਿੱਠਪਾਰਦਰਸ਼ਤਾ ਪà©à¨°à¨¦à¨¾à¨¨ à¨à¨°à¨¦à© ਹਨ.</p>
<h4 class="sub_head">ਰà©à¨ ਦਾ à¨à¨¾à¨°à¨¨ ਠà©à¨ à¨à¨°à©</h4>
<p>ਪà©à¨°à©à¨à¨°à¨¾à¨®à¨¿à©°à¨ ਸਿੱà¨à¨¿à¨ ਦਾ à¨à¨µà¨¿à©±à¨ à¨à¨à©à¨®à©à¨à¨¿à¨ ਮà©à¨²à¨¾à¨à¨à¨£ ਪਲà©à¨à¨«à¨¾à¨°à¨® ਠਤ੠ਮਨà©à©±à¨à© ਮà©à¨²à¨¾à¨à¨à¨£ ਦ੠ਵਿà¨à¨à¨¾à¨° ਸਹਿਯà©à¨à© ਹà©. à¨à¨¦à©à¨ à¨à¨¿ à¨à¨²à¨¾à¨à¨¡-ਠਧਾਰਤ à¨à©à¨¡à¨¿à©°à¨ ਠà¨à¨¿à¨à¨¸à¨¤à¨¾ ਪਲà©à¨à¨«à¨¾à¨°à¨® ਠà¨à¨¿à¨à¨¸ ਠਤ੠ਸ਼à©à¨°à©à¨à¨¤à© ਮà©à¨²à¨¾à¨à¨à¨£ ਵਿੱਠਸਹਾà¨à¨¤à¨¾ à¨à¨°à¨¦à¨¾ ਹà©, à¨à¨¹ à¨à©à¨¡ ਦ੠ਵਿà¨à¨à¨¿à¨ ਦà©à¨à¨°à¨¾ ਮਨà©à©±à¨à© ਪਸੰਦà©à¨¦à¨¾ ਹà©. ਵਿਦਿਠਠਸੰਸਥਾਵਾਠਨà©à©° ਹà©à¨£ à¨à¨¸ ਹਾà¨à¨¬à©à¨°à¨¿à¨¡ ਫਰà©à¨®à¨µà¨°à¨ ਨà©à©° ਲਾà¨à© à¨à¨°à¨¨ ਲਠà¨à©°à¨® à¨à¨°à¨¨à¨¾ à¨à¨¾à¨¹à©à¨¦à¨¾ ਹà©, à¨à¨¹ ਸà©à¨¨à¨¿à¨¸à¨¼à¨à¨¿à¨¤ à¨à¨°à© à¨à¨¿ à¨à¨¨à©à¨¹à¨¾à¨ ਦ੠à¨à©à¨°à©à¨à©à¨à¨ ਨਾ ਸਿਰਫ à¨à©à¨¡ ਲਿà¨à¨¦à© ਹਨ, ਬਲà¨à¨¿ à¨à¨¸ ਨà©à©° ਵ੠ਸਮà¨à¨¦à© ਠਤ੠ਸਮà¨à¨¾à¨à¨à¨¦à© ਹਨ. </p>
<p>à¨à¨¦à©à¨ ਠà¨à¨¾à¨¦à¨®à¨¿à¨ ਪੱਧਰ &#8216;ਤ੠ਪà©à¨°à¨à¨¾à¨µà¨¸à¨¼à¨¾à¨²à© und ੰਠਨਾਲ ਲਾà¨à© à¨à©à¨¤à¨¾ à¨à¨¾à¨à¨¦à¨¾ ਹà©, ਤਾਠਵਿਦਿà¨à¨°à¨¥à© ਸਿਰਫ ਬਿਹਤਰ ਪਲà©à¨¸à¨®à©à¨à¨à¨¾à¨ ਨà©à©° ਸà©à¨°à©±à¨à¨¿à¨ ਤ ਨਹà©à¨ à¨à¨°à¨¨à¨à©, ਪਰ à¨à¨ ਸਮਰੱਥ ਪà©à¨°à©à¨à¨°à¨¾à¨®à¨° ਬਣ à¨à¨¾à¨£à¨à© à¨à¨¿ à¨à¨¾à¨°à¨¤ ਦਾ à¨à¨ à¨à© à¨à¨¦à¨¯à©à¨ ਨà©à©° ਸà¨à¨¼à¨¤ à¨à¨¼à¨°à©à¨°à¨¤ ਹà©. ਫਿਰ, ਸ਼ਾà¨à¨¦ ਠਸà©à¨ ਠਪੰà¨à¨¤à¨¾ ਦ੠à¨à¨¾à¨°à¨¨ ਪà©à©°à¨ ਸਮਾਪਤ੠ਦ੠à¨à©±à¨² ਨਹà©à¨ ਸà©à¨£à¨¾à¨à¨à© &#8211; à¨à¨¿à¨à¨à¨à¨¿ ਸਾਡ੠ਸਿੱà¨à¨¿à¨ ਪà©à¨°à¨£à¨¾à¨²à© ਪਹਿਲਾਠਹ੠ਮà©à¨² à¨à¨¾à¨°à¨¨ ਨà©à©° ਠà©à¨ à¨à¨° ਲà©à¨à¨¦à© ਸà©.<i>,</i></p>
<p><i>(à¨à¨¸à©à¨« à¨à¨à¨¬à¨¾à¨² à¨à© à¨à¨ ਵਿਦਿਠਠਹà©. à¨à¨¹ ਮà©à©±à¨ à¨à¨¾à¨°à¨à¨à¨¾à¨°à© ਠਧਿà¨à¨¾à¨°à© ਵà¨à©à¨ à¨à©°à¨® à¨à¨°à¨¦à¨¾ ਹà©</i></p>
<div class="articleblock-container" id="arthardpv"></div>
<div class="update-publish-time article-published-time-end"></div>
<div class="comments-shares share-page flex print-hide" data-artid="69243098" data-title="India’s tech education crisis: When computer engineers can’t code" data-url="https://www.thehindu.com/education/indias-tech-education-crisis-when-computer-engineers-cant-code/article69243098.ece">
<div class="left">
<div class="share">
<ul class="share-list bottom" style="display: none;">
<li class="copy-link" onclick="if (!window.__cfRLUnblockHandlers) return false; copytext('https://www.thehindu.com/education/indias-tech-education-crisis-when-computer-engineers-cant-code/article69243098.ece');" data-cf-modified-fbf75277a1d94b4b69bb4f11-="">
<p> à¨à¨¾à¨ªà© à¨à¨°à© ਲਿੰਠ</p>
</li>
<li class="email">
<p> à¨à¨®à©à¨² </p>
</li>
<li class="facebook" onclick="if (!window.__cfRLUnblockHandlers) return false; openShareLink('https://www.facebook.com/sharer/sharer.php?u=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thehindu.com%2Feducation%2Findias-tech-education-crisis-when-computer-engineers-cant-code%2Farticle69243098.ece&;t=India%E2%80%99s%20tech%20education%20crisis%3A%20When%20computer%20engineers%20can%E2%80%99t%20code')" data-cf-modified-fbf75277a1d94b4b69bb4f11-="">
<p> ਫà©à¨¸à¨¬à©à©±à¨ </p>
</li>
<li class="twitter" onclick="if (!window.__cfRLUnblockHandlers) return false; openShareLink('https://twitter.com/intent/tweet?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thehindu.com%2Feducation%2Findias-tech-education-crisis-when-computer-engineers-cant-code%2Farticle69243098.ece&;text=India%E2%80%99s%20tech%20education%20crisis%3A%20When%20computer%20engineers%20can%E2%80%99t%20code')" data-cf-modified-fbf75277a1d94b4b69bb4f11-="">
<p> à¨à¨µà¨¿à©±à¨à¨° </p>
</li>
<li class="telegram" onclick="if (!window.__cfRLUnblockHandlers) return false; openShareLink('https://t.me/share/url?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thehindu.com%2Feducation%2Findias-tech-education-crisis-when-computer-engineers-cant-code%2Farticle69243098.ece&;text=India%E2%80%99s%20tech%20education%20crisis%3A%20When%20computer%20engineers%20can%E2%80%99t%20code')" data-cf-modified-fbf75277a1d94b4b69bb4f11-="">
<p> ਤਾਰ </p>
</li>
<li class="in" onclick="if (!window.__cfRLUnblockHandlers) return false; openShareLink('https://www.linkedin.com/shareArticle?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thehindu.com%2Feducation%2Findias-tech-education-crisis-when-computer-engineers-cant-code%2Farticle69243098.ece&;title=India%E2%80%99s%20tech%20education%20crisis%3A%20When%20computer%20engineers%20can%E2%80%99t%20code')" data-cf-modified-fbf75277a1d94b4b69bb4f11-="">
<p> ਲਿੰà¨à¨¡à¨à¨¨ </p>
</li>
<li class="whatsapp" onclick="if (!window.__cfRLUnblockHandlers) return false; openShareLink('https://api.whatsapp.com//send?text=India%E2%80%99s%20tech%20education%20crisis%3A%20When%20computer%20engineers%20can%E2%80%99t%20code%20-%20https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thehindu.com%2Feducation%2Findias-tech-education-crisis-when-computer-engineers-cant-code%2Farticle69243098.ece')" data-cf-modified-fbf75277a1d94b4b69bb4f11-="">
<p> ਵà¨à¨¸à¨à¨ª</p>
</li>
<li class="reddit" onclick="if (!window.__cfRLUnblockHandlers) return false; openShareLink('https://reddit.com/submit?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thehindu.com%2Feducation%2Findias-tech-education-crisis-when-computer-engineers-cant-code%2Farticle69243098.ece&;title=India%E2%80%99s%20tech%20education%20crisis%3A%20When%20computer%20engineers%20can%E2%80%99t%20code')" data-cf-modified-fbf75277a1d94b4b69bb4f11-="">
<p> reddit </p>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
<div class="right">
<div class="read-later"><button class="btn read-later-btn" data-articleid="69243098" style="display:none" data-ga-labelclick="ReadLater"><span>ਬਾਠਦ ਵਿਠਪà©à©à¨¹à©</span></button></p>
<div class="delete-tool-tip" style="display: none;"><a rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank" class="delete bookmarkdelete"></p>
<p> ਹà¨à¨¾à¨à¨£<br />
 </a><br />
 ਸਾਰ੠ਵà©à¨à©
 </div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="spliter pt-0 mb-0 print-hide"></div>
<div class="article-ad two-side text-ad print-hide">
<div class="ad-text" id="artproduct2"></div>
</div>
<p><script data-cfasync="false">var totalPcount = document.querySelectorAll(".articlebodycontent>p")
if(totalPcount.length > 1)
 insertElementEnd(totalPcount[1],createElementScript("div","","artmeterpv"))
else
 insertElementbegin(document.querySelector(".articlebodycontent"),createElementScript("div","","artmeterpv"))
</script></p>
<div class="d-none d-lg-block d-xl-block"><script data-cfasync="false">
 totalPcount = totalPcount || [];if (isDeviceEnabled("large")) var container = document.createElement("div");
 container.className = "article-ad";container.appendChild(createElementScript("div", "dfp-ad articleinlinead", "Desktop_AT_Mid01", minHeight: '90px'));
 insertElementEnd(totalPcount[1 - 1], container)
 </script><!-- Begin DFP : /22390678/TH_Desktop_AT_Mid01, publisher: The Hindu --><script type="fbf75277a1d94b4b69bb4f11-text/javascript">userIdentify.then(function() if(isDeviceEnabled("large") && isNonSubcribedUser()) googletag.cmd.push(function() 
 googletag.display('Desktop_AT_Mid01');
 );
 );</script><!-- End DFP : /22390678/TH_Desktop_AT_Mid01, publisher: The Hindu --><script data-cfasync="false">
 totalPcount = totalPcount || [];if (isDeviceEnabled("large")) var container = document.createElement("div");
 container.className = "article-ad";container.appendChild(createElementScript("div", "dfp-ad articleinlinead", "Desktop_Inarticle_1x1", minHeight: '250px'));
 insertElementEnd(totalPcount[3 - 1], container)
 </script><!-- Begin DFP : /22390678/Hindu_Desktop_Inarticle_1x1, publisher: The Hindu --><script type="fbf75277a1d94b4b69bb4f11-text/javascript">userIdentify.then(function() if(isDeviceEnabled("large") && isNonSubcribedUser()) googletag.cmd.push(function() 
 googletag.display('Desktop_Inarticle_1x1');
 );
 );</script><!-- End DFP : /22390678/Hindu_Desktop_Inarticle_1x1, publisher: The Hindu --><script data-cfasync="false">
 totalPcount = totalPcount || [];if (totalPcount.length > 0 && isDeviceEnabled("large") && Number.isInteger(6) && totalPcount.length >= (5 + 3)) var container = document.createElement("div");
 container.className = "article-ad";container.appendChild(createElementScript("div", "dfp-ad articleinlinead", "Desktop_AT_Mid02", minHeight: '90px'));
 insertElementEnd(totalPcount[6 - 1], container)
 </script><!-- Begin DFP : /22390678/TH_Desktop_AT_Mid02, publisher: The Hindu --><script type="fbf75277a1d94b4b69bb4f11-text/javascript">if (totalPcount.length > 0 && Number.isInteger(6) && totalPcount.length >= (5 + 3)) if (isDeviceEnabled("large")) 
 googletag.cmd.push(function() 
 googletag.defineSlot('/22390678/TH_Desktop_AT_Mid02', [728, 90], 'Desktop_AT_Mid02').addService(googletag.pubads());
 );
 userIdentify.then(function() if (isDeviceEnabled("large") && isNonSubcribedUser() && totalPcount.length > 0 && Number.isInteger(6) && totalPcount.length >= (5 + 3)) googletag.cmd.push(function() 
 googletag.display('Desktop_AT_Mid02');
 );
 );</script><!-- End DFP : /22390678/TH_Desktop_AT_Mid02, publisher: The Hindu --><script data-cfasync="false">
 totalPcount = totalPcount || [];if (totalPcount.length > 0 && isDeviceEnabled("large") && Number.isInteger(9) && totalPcount.length >= (8 + 3)) var container = document.createElement("div");
 container.className = "article-ad";container.appendChild(createElementScript("div", "dfp-ad articleinlinead", "Desktop_AT_Mid03", minHeight: '90px'));
 insertElementEnd(totalPcount[9 - 1], container)
 </script><!-- Begin DFP : /22390678/TH_Desktop_AT_Mid03, publisher: The Hindu --><script type="fbf75277a1d94b4b69bb4f11-text/javascript">if (totalPcount.length > 0 && Number.isInteger(9) && totalPcount.length >= (8 + 3)) if (isDeviceEnabled("large")) 
 googletag.cmd.push(function() 
 googletag.defineSlot('/22390678/TH_Desktop_AT_Mid03', [728, 90], 'Desktop_AT_Mid03').addService(googletag.pubads());
 );
 userIdentify.then(function() if (isDeviceEnabled("large") && isNonSubcribedUser() && totalPcount.length > 0 && Number.isInteger(9) && totalPcount.length >= (8 + 3)) googletag.cmd.push(function() 
 googletag.display('Desktop_AT_Mid03');
 );
 );</script><!-- End DFP : /22390678/TH_Desktop_AT_Mid03, publisher: The Hindu --><script data-cfasync="false">
 totalPcount = totalPcount || [];if (totalPcount.length > 0 && isDeviceEnabled("large") && Number.isInteger(12) && totalPcount.length >= (11 + 3)) var container = document.createElement("div");
 container.className = "article-ad";container.appendChild(createElementScript("div", "dfp-ad articleinlinead", "Desktop_AT_Mid04", minHeight: '90px'));
 insertElementEnd(totalPcount[12 - 1], container)
 </script><!-- Begin DFP : /22390678/TH_Desktop_AT_Mid04, publisher: The Hindu --><script type="fbf75277a1d94b4b69bb4f11-text/javascript">if (totalPcount.length > 0 && Number.isInteger(12) && totalPcount.length >= (11 + 3)) if (isDeviceEnabled("large")) 
 googletag.cmd.push(function() 
 googletag.defineSlot('/22390678/TH_Desktop_AT_Mid04', [728, 90], 'Desktop_AT_Mid04').addService(googletag.pubads());
 );
 userIdentify.then(function() if (isDeviceEnabled("large") && isNonSubcribedUser() && totalPcount.length > 0 && Number.isInteger(12) && totalPcount.length >= (11 + 3)) googletag.cmd.push(function() 
 googletag.display('Desktop_AT_Mid04');
 );
 );</script><!-- End DFP : /22390678/TH_Desktop_AT_Mid04, publisher: The Hindu --><script data-cfasync="false">
 totalPcount = totalPcount || [];if (totalPcount.length > 0 && isDeviceEnabled("large") && Number.isInteger(15) && totalPcount.length >= (14 + 3)) var container = document.createElement("div");
 container.className = "article-ad";container.appendChild(createElementScript("div", "dfp-ad articleinlinead", "Desktop_AT_Mid05", minHeight: '90px'));
 insertElementEnd(totalPcount[15 - 1], container)
 </script><!-- Begin DFP : /22390678/TH_Desktop_AT_Mid05, publisher: The Hindu --><script type="fbf75277a1d94b4b69bb4f11-text/javascript">if (totalPcount.length > 0 && Number.isInteger(15) && totalPcount.length >= (14 + 3)) if (isDeviceEnabled("large")) 
 googletag.cmd.push(function() 
 googletag.defineSlot('/22390678/TH_Desktop_AT_Mid05', [728, 90], 'Desktop_AT_Mid05').addService(googletag.pubads());
 );
 userIdentify.then(function() if (isDeviceEnabled("large") && isNonSubcribedUser() && totalPcount.length > 0 && Number.isInteger(15) && totalPcount.length >= (14 + 3)) googletag.cmd.push(function() 
 googletag.display('Desktop_AT_Mid05');
 );
 );</script><!-- End DFP : /22390678/TH_Desktop_AT_Mid05, publisher: The Hindu --></div>
<div class="d-block d-sm-none "><script data-cfasync="false">
 totalPcount = totalPcount || [];if (isDeviceEnabled("small")) var container = document.createElement("div");
 container.className = "article-ad";container.appendChild(createElementScript("div", "dfp-ad articleinlinead", "MWeb_AT_Middle01", minHeight: '280px'));
 insertElementEnd(totalPcount[1 - 1], container)
 </script><!-- Begin DFP : /22390678/TH_MWeb_AT_Middle01, publisher: The Hindu --><script type="fbf75277a1d94b4b69bb4f11-text/javascript">userIdentify.then(function() if(isDeviceEnabled("small") && isNonSubcribedUser()) googletag.cmd.push(function() 
 googletag.display('MWeb_AT_Middle01');
 );
 );</script><!-- End DFP : /22390678/TH_MWeb_AT_Middle01, publisher: The Hindu --><script data-cfasync="false">
 totalPcount = totalPcount || [];if (isDeviceEnabled("small")) var container = document.createElement("div");
 container.className = "article-ad";container.appendChild(createElementScript("div", "dfp-ad articleinlinead", "Mweb_Inarticle_1x1", minHeight: '250px'));
 insertElementEnd(totalPcount[3 - 1], container)
 </script><!-- Begin DFP : /22390678/TH_Mweb_Inarticle_1x1, publisher: The Hindu --><script type="fbf75277a1d94b4b69bb4f11-text/javascript">userIdentify.then(function() if(isDeviceEnabled("small") && isNonSubcribedUser()) googletag.cmd.push(function() 
 googletag.display('Mweb_Inarticle_1x1');
 );
 );</script><!-- End DFP : /22390678/TH_Mweb_Inarticle_1x1, publisher: The Hindu --><script data-cfasync="false">
 totalPcount = totalPcount || [];if (totalPcount.length > 0 && isDeviceEnabled("small") && Number.isInteger(6) && totalPcount.length >= (5 + 3)) var container = document.createElement("div");
 container.className = "article-ad";container.appendChild(createElementScript("div", "dfp-ad articleinlinead", "MWeb_AT_Middle02", minHeight: '280px'));
 insertElementEnd(totalPcount[6 - 1], container)
 </script><!-- Begin DFP : /22390678/TH_MWeb_AT_Middle02, publisher: The Hindu --><script type="fbf75277a1d94b4b69bb4f11-text/javascript">if (totalPcount.length > 0 && Number.isInteger(6) && totalPcount.length >= (5 + 3)) if (isDeviceEnabled("small")) 
 googletag.cmd.push(function() 
 googletag.defineSlot('/22390678/TH_MWeb_AT_Middle02', [[300, 250], [336, 280]], 'MWeb_AT_Middle02').addService(googletag.pubads());
 );
 userIdentify.then(function() if (isDeviceEnabled("small") && isNonSubcribedUser() && totalPcount.length > 0 && Number.isInteger(6) && totalPcount.length >= (5 + 3)) googletag.cmd.push(function() 
 googletag.display('MWeb_AT_Middle02');
 );
 );</script><!-- End DFP : /22390678/TH_MWeb_AT_Middle02, publisher: The Hindu --><script data-cfasync="false">
 totalPcount = totalPcount || [];if (totalPcount.length > 0 && isDeviceEnabled("small") && Number.isInteger(9) && totalPcount.length >= (8 + 3)) var container = document.createElement("div");
 container.className = "article-ad";container.appendChild(createElementScript("div", "dfp-ad articleinlinead", "MWeb_AT_Middle03", minHeight: '280px'));
 insertElementEnd(totalPcount[9 - 1], container)
 </script><!-- Begin DFP : /22390678/TH_MWeb_AT_Middle03, publisher: The Hindu --><script type="fbf75277a1d94b4b69bb4f11-text/javascript">if (totalPcount.length > 0 && Number.isInteger(9) && totalPcount.length >= (8 + 3)) if (isDeviceEnabled("small")) 
 googletag.cmd.push(function() 
 googletag.defineSlot('/22390678/TH_MWeb_AT_Middle03', [[300, 250], [336, 280]], 'MWeb_AT_Middle03').addService(googletag.pubads());
 );
 userIdentify.then(function() if (isDeviceEnabled("small") && isNonSubcribedUser() && totalPcount.length > 0 && Number.isInteger(9) && totalPcount.length >= (8 + 3)) googletag.cmd.push(function() 
 googletag.display('MWeb_AT_Middle03');
 );
 );</script><!-- End DFP : /22390678/TH_MWeb_AT_Middle03, publisher: The Hindu --><script data-cfasync="false">
 totalPcount = totalPcount || [];if (totalPcount.length > 0 && isDeviceEnabled("small") && Number.isInteger(12) && totalPcount.length >= (11 + 3)) var container = document.createElement("div");
 container.className = "article-ad";container.appendChild(createElementScript("div", "dfp-ad articleinlinead", "MWeb_AT_Middle04", minHeight: '280px'));
 insertElementEnd(totalPcount[12 - 1], container)
 </script><!-- Begin DFP : /22390678/TH_MWeb_AT_Middle04, publisher: The Hindu --><script type="fbf75277a1d94b4b69bb4f11-text/javascript">if (totalPcount.length > 0 && Number.isInteger(12) && totalPcount.length >= (11 + 3)) if (isDeviceEnabled("small")) 
 googletag.cmd.push(function() 
 googletag.defineSlot('/22390678/TH_MWeb_AT_Middle04', [[300, 250], [336, 280]], 'MWeb_AT_Middle04').addService(googletag.pubads());
 );
 userIdentify.then(function() if (isDeviceEnabled("small") && isNonSubcribedUser() && totalPcount.length > 0 && Number.isInteger(12) && totalPcount.length >= (11 + 3)) googletag.cmd.push(function() 
 googletag.display('MWeb_AT_Middle04');
 );
 );</script><!-- End DFP : /22390678/TH_MWeb_AT_Middle04, publisher: The Hindu --><script data-cfasync="false">
 totalPcount = totalPcount || [];if (totalPcount.length > 0 && isDeviceEnabled("small") && Number.isInteger(15) && totalPcount.length >= (14 + 3)) var container = document.createElement("div");
 container.className = "article-ad";container.appendChild(createElementScript("div", "dfp-ad articleinlinead", "MWeb_AT_Middle05", minHeight: '280px'));
 insertElementEnd(totalPcount[15 - 1], container)
 </script><!-- Begin DFP : /22390678/TH_MWeb_AT_Middle05, publisher: The Hindu --><script type="fbf75277a1d94b4b69bb4f11-text/javascript">if (totalPcount.length > 0 && Number.isInteger(15) && totalPcount.length >= (14 + 3)) if (isDeviceEnabled("small")) 
 googletag.cmd.push(function() 
 googletag.defineSlot('/22390678/TH_MWeb_AT_Middle05', [[300, 250], [336, 280]], 'MWeb_AT_Middle05').addService(googletag.pubads());
 );
 userIdentify.then(function() if (isDeviceEnabled("small") && isNonSubcribedUser() && totalPcount.length > 0 && Number.isInteger(15) && totalPcount.length >= (14 + 3)) googletag.cmd.push(function() 
 googletag.display('MWeb_AT_Middle05');
 );
 );</script><!-- End DFP : /22390678/TH_MWeb_AT_Middle05, publisher: The Hindu --></div>
</div>
<p><script async src="https://platform.twitter.com/widgets.js" charset="utf-8"></script></p>

ਭਾਰਤ ਦੀ ਤਕਨੀਕੀ ਸਿੱਖਿਆ ਸੰਕਟ: ਜਦੋਂ ਕੰਪਿ computer ਟਰ ਇੰਜੀਨੀਅਰ ਪ੍ਰੀਮੀਅਮ ਕੋਡ ਨਹੀਂ ਕਰ ਸਕਦੇ

