<h2 class="sub-title">à¨à© ਠਸà©à¨ ਮਨà©à©±à¨à© ਠਦਾਰਿà¨à¨ ਦ੠ਸਿਰà¨à¨£à¨¾ ਦ੠à¨à¨®à©à¨¦ à¨à¨°à¨¦à© ਹਾà¨, ਤਾਠਸਾਨà©à©° à¨à¨¹ ਵà©à¨à¨£à¨¾ ਸਿੱà¨à¨£à¨¾ ਸਿੱà¨à¨£à¨¾ à¨à¨¾à¨¹à©à¨¦à¨¾ ਹ੠à¨à¨¿ à¨à¨¸ ਨà©à©° ਬà¨à¨¾à¨à¨£ ਵਾਲ੠ਲà©à¨à¨¾à¨ ਨਾਲ ਠਦਿੱਠਨà©à¨à¨¸à¨¾à¨¨ ਹਨ à¨à© à¨à¨¸ ਦ੠ਰੱà¨à¨¿à¨ à¨à¨°à¨¦à© ਹà©à¨.</h2>
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<p>13 ਠਪà©à¨°à©à¨², 1919 ਨà©à©°, 9 ਵà©à¨ à¨à©à¨°à¨à¨¾ ਦ੠ਬਸਤà©à¨µà¨¾à¨¦à© ਸਿਪਾਹ੠ਠੰਮà©à¨°à¨¿à¨¤à¨¸à¨° ਦ੠à¨à¨²à©à¨ ਨà©à¨µà¨¾à¨²à¨¾ ਬਾਠਦ੠ਪà©à¨°à¨µà©à¨¸à¨¼ ਦà©à¨à¨° ਤà©, à¨à©±à¨ ਸ਼ਾà¨à¨¤à¨®à¨ à¨à©à© ਨà©à©° ਸਥਾਪਤ à¨à¨° ਰਹ੠ਸਨ, ਨ੠à¨à©±à¨ ਸ਼ਾà¨à¨¤à¨®à¨ à¨à©à© ਨà©à©° ਠੱਠਲà¨à¨¾à¨ ਠਤ੠ਰà©à¨à¨²à¨ à¨à¨à¨ ਦਾ ਵਿਰà©à¨§ à¨à©à¨¤à¨¾. ਦਸ ਮਿੰਠਤà©à¨ ਵੱਧ ਮਿੰà¨à¨¾à¨ ਤà©à¨ ਵੱਧ, 1,650 ਤà©à¨ ਵੱਧ à¨à©à¨²à©à¨à¨ ਨà©à©° ਸਦਮ੠ਵਿਠ(ਨà©à¨ªà¨¾à¨² ਠਤ੠ਠਣਵੰਡ੠ਪੰà¨à¨¾à¨¬) ਦà©à¨à¨°à¨¾ women ਰਤਾਠਠਤ੠ਬੱà¨à¨¿à¨à¨ ਸਮà©à¨¤ ਸà©à¨à¨à©à© ਲà©à¨à¨¾à¨ ਦ੠ਹੱਤਿਠà¨à¨° ਦਿੱਤਾ à¨à¨¿à¨. à¨à¨¦à©à¨ à¨à¨¿ à¨à¨¨à¨°à¨² ਡਾà¨à¨° ਨà©à©° &#8220;ਰਿà¨à¨¾à¨à¨°à¨®à©à¨à¨ ਵਿੱਠਮà¨à¨¬à©à¨° à¨à©à¨¤à¨¾ à¨à¨¿à¨&#8221;, à¨à¨¾à¨µà¨¨à¨¾à¨¤à¨®à¨ ਤà©à¨° ਤ੠ਬਾਠਦ ਵਿੱਠਸਿਪਾਹà©à¨à¨ ਲਠਮà¨à¨¬à©à¨° à¨à©à¨¤à¨¾ à¨à¨¿à¨ à¨à© ਫਾà¨à¨°à¨¿à©°à¨ à¨à¨°à¨¨ ਵਾਲ੠ਸਨ. </p>
<p>ਫਿਰ, à¨à© à¨à¨¨à©à¨¹à¨¾à¨ ਨ੠à¨à¨ªà¨£à© ਮਨ ਠਤ੠ਦਿਲਾਠਦ੠ਠੰਦਰ ਮਹਿਸà©à¨¸ à¨à©à¨¤à¨¾, à¨à¨¿à¨à¨à¨à¨¿ à¨à¨¨à©à¨¹à¨¾à¨ ਨ੠ਨਾà¨à¨°à¨¿à¨ ਨਾà¨à¨°à¨¿à¨à¨¾à¨ ਨà©à©° à¨à©à¨²à© ਮਾਰ ਦਿੱਤà©? à¨à© ਦà©à¨¸à¨¼à© ਸà©? à¨à© à¨à©à¨ ਸ਼ਰਮ? à¨à¨¿à©°à¨¤à¨¾? à¨à¨¾à¨ à¨à© à¨à¨à¨ ਸਿਰਫ à¨à¨®à¨¾à¨à¨¡à¨¾à¨ ਦ੠ਲà©à© ਦ੠ਠੰਦਰ -reed ੰਠਨਾਲ à¨à¨® ਤà©à¨° ਤ੠à¨à¨® ਤà©à¨° &#8216;ਤ੠à¨à©à¨ ਵ੠ਦਾà¨à¨¼ ਨਹà©à¨ à¨à©±à¨¡à¨¦à¨¾? à¨à¨¨à©à¨¹à¨¾à¨ ਦ੠ਠੰਦਰà©à¨¨à© ਸੰਸਾਰ ਨà©à©° ਦੱਸਣ ਲਠà¨à©à¨ à¨à¨µà¨¾à¨¹à©, ਪੱਤਰ à¨à¨¾à¨ ਮਾਨਸਿਠà¨à©à¨£à¨¾à¨ ਦ੠ਰਿà¨à¨¾à¨°à¨¡ ਨਹà©à¨ ਹਨ. ਦਹਾà¨à¨¿à¨à¨ ਤà©à¨, ਠà¨à¨¿à¨¹à© ਪà©à¨°à¨¸à¨¼à¨¨ ਨਹà©à¨ à¨à¨¾à¨£à¨¦à© ਸਨ. ਲà©à¨¾à¨à¨à¨ à¨à¨à¨à¨ ਠਤ੠ਦà©à¨¸à¨°à© ਵਿਸ਼ਵ ਯà©à©±à¨§, à¨à©à¨°à©à¨, ਵà©à¨ ਤਨਾਮ- ਹà©à¨£ ਤੱਠਦ੠ਮਨà©à¨µà¨¿à¨à¨¿à¨à¨¨à¨ à¨à©à¨²à¨ ਨ੠ਹਿੰਸਾ ਨà©à©° ਰà©à¨à¨¿à¨ ਸà©. </p>
<p>1980 ਦ੠ਦਹਾà¨à© ਵਿਠà¨à¨à¨¡à¨°à¨¿ r ਰਵਾà¨à¨¤à© à¨à©à¨®à©à¨à¨¨ ਨ੠&#8216;ਨà©à¨¤à¨¿à¨ ਸੰà¨à¨&#8217; ਦ੠ਧਾਰਣਾ ਪà©à¨¸à¨¼ à¨à©à¨¤à©, à¨à¨¼à¨¾à¨¸à¨à¨° ਸਿਹਤ ਸੰà¨à¨¾à¨² ਸà©à¨à¨¿à©°à¨à¨¾à¨ ਵਿà¨. 1990 ਦ੠ਦਹਾà¨à© ਵਿà¨, ਮਨà©à¨µà¨¿à¨à¨¿à¨à¨¨à¨à¨°à¨¿à¨¸à¨ à¨à©à¨¨à¨¾à¨¥à¨¨ ਨ੠ਵà©à¨ ਤਨਾਮ ਦ੠ਬà¨à¨¼à©à¨°à¨à¨¾à¨ ਦ੠ਪà¨à¨¾à¨£ à¨à©à¨¤à©, ਨਾ à¨à¨¿ ਡਰ ਨਾਲ, ਪਰ ਨà©à¨¤à¨¿à¨ ਧà©à¨à©à¨¬à¨¾à¨à¨¼ ਵਿਠਨਾ ਡਰà©. </p>
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<p>										ਮਾਨਸਿਠਸਿਹਤ à¨à©±à¨ ਨà©à¨¤à¨¿à¨ ਠਤ੠ਨà©à¨¤à¨¿à¨ ਮà©à©±à¨¦à¨¾ ਹà©</p></div>
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<p>ਪà©à¨à©à¨à¨¸à¨¡à© ਦ੠à¨à¨²à¨ (à¨à©à¨°à©à¨à¨à¨¿à¨ ਤਣਾਠਤà©à¨ ਬਾਠਦ ਵਿà¨à¨¾à¨°), à¨à¨¿à¨¨à©à¨¹à¨¾à¨ ਦ੠ਲੱà¨à¨£ ਹà©à¨°à¨¾à¨¨ à¨à¨°à¨¨ ਵਾਲ੠ਫਲà©à¨¸à¨¼à¨¬à©à¨, à¨à©à¨µà¨¤, ਨਫ਼ਰਤ ਠਤ੠ਠਧਿà¨à¨¤à¨®à¨ ਸੰà¨à¨°à¨¸à¨¼ ਦ੠à¨à¨²à©°à¨à¨£à¨¾ à¨à¨°à¨¦à© ਹਨ, à¨à© ਹਨà©à¨°à© ਧਾਰਠਬà©à¨²à¨¸ ਦ੠à¨à¨²à©°à¨à¨£à¨¾ à¨à¨°à¨¦à© ਹਨ. à¨à¨¹ à¨à¨¸ ਬਾਰ੠ਹ੠à¨à¨¿ à¨à¨¿à¨¸à© ਨ੠à¨à© à¨à©à¨¤à¨¾ ਹà©, ਵà©à¨à¨¿à¨, ਰà©à¨à¨£ ਵਿੱਠਠਸਫਲ, à¨à¨¾à¨ ਹਿੱਸਾ ਲà©à¨£ ਦ੠à¨à¨¼à¨°à©à¨°à¨¤ ਹà©. ਨà©à¨¤à¨¿à¨ ਸੱਠਤਿੰਨ ਤੱਤਾਠਦà©à¨à¨°à¨¾ ਹà©à©°à¨¦à© ਹà©: à¨à© ਨà©à¨¤à¨¿à¨ ਤà©à¨° ਤ੠ਸਹà©, ਵਿਸ਼ਵਾਸà¨à¨¾à¨¤, ਬਹà©à¨¤ à¨à¨¼à¨¿à¨à¨¦à¨¾ ਮਹੱਤਤਾ ਵਾਲ੠ਵਿਠà¨à¨¤à© ਦà©à¨à¨°à¨¾, à¨à©±à¨ ਵਿਠà¨à¨¤à© ਦà©à¨à¨°à¨¾, à¨à©±à¨ ਵਿਠà¨à¨¤à© ਦà©à¨à¨°à¨¾, ਬਹà©à¨¤ à¨à¨¼à¨¿à¨à¨¦à¨¾ ਮਹੱਤਤਾ ਵਾਲ੠ਵਿਠà¨à¨¤à© ਦà©à¨à¨°à¨¾, à¨à©±à¨ ਵਿਠà¨à¨¤à© ਦà©à¨à¨°à¨¾, ਬਹà©à¨¤ ਮਹੱਤਵ ਦ੠ਸਥਿਤ੠ਵਿੱà¨. ਬਾਠਦ ਵਿà¨, ਸਾਲ 2009 ਵਿà¨, ਬਰà©à¨ ਲਿà¨à¨à¨¼ ਠਤ੠ਸਹਿà¨à¨£à¨¾à¨ ਨ੠à¨à¨¸ ਨà©à©° ਵਿਸ਼ਾਲ ਨà©à¨¤à¨¿à¨ ਵਿਸ਼ਵਾਸਾਠਨà©à©° ਬਦਲਣਾ ਸ਼ਾਮਲ à¨à©à¨¤à¨¾. </p>
<p>à¨à¨§à©à¨¨à¨¿à¨ ਪਰਿà¨à¨¾à¨¸à¨¼à¨¾ ਬà©à¨§à¨¿à¨ ਠਤ੠à¨à¨¾à¨µà¨¨à¨¾à¨¤à¨®à¨ à¨à¨¾à¨à¨¾à¨ ਤ੠à¨à¨¼à©à¨° ਦਿੰਦ੠ਹਨ: ਤà©à¨¬à¨° à¨à©à¨°à¨® à¨à¨¾à¨ ਸੰਸਥਾਵਾਠਦ੠ਨà©à¨à¨¸à¨¾à¨¨ ਦ੠ਸੰà¨à¨, ਰà©à¨¹à¨¾à¨¨à© à¨à¨¾à¨ à¨à¨¾à¨µà¨¨à¨¾à¨¤à¨®à¨ ਸੰà¨à¨, à¨à¨¾à¨ ਹà©à¨à¨¦ ਦ੠ਠਰਥ à¨à¨¾à¨ à¨à¨¦à©à¨¸à¨¼ ਦ੠collapse ਹਿਣ. ਵਿà¨à¨¿à¨à¨¨à©à¨à¨ ਵਿਵਹਾਰ ਦ੠ਨਤà©à¨à¨¿à¨à¨ &#8216;ਤ੠ਵ੠ਧਿà¨à¨¨ ਦਿੰਦ੠ਹਨ: ਸਵà©-à¨à©à¨°à©à¨à¨, ਪਦਾਰਥ, ਵਿà¨à¨¾à©, ਠਤ੠à¨à©à¨¦à¨à©à¨¸à¨¼à© à¨à¨°à¨¨ ਦ੠à¨à©à¨à¨® ਨà©à©° ਵਧਾà¨à¨£à¨¾ ਵà©. ਮਨà©à¨µà¨¿à¨à¨¿à¨à¨¨à¨ à¨à©à¨à¨® ਦ੠à¨à¨¾à¨°à¨¾à¨ ਵਿਠਸ਼ਰਮ ਠਤ੠ਤੰਬਾà¨à¨µà¨¾à¨¦ ਸ਼ਾਮਲ ਹà©à©°à¨¦à© ਹਨ; ਸà©à¨°à©±à¨à¨¿à¨ ਦ੠à¨à¨¾à¨°à¨à¨¾à¨ ਵਿੱਠà¨à©à¨¦ ਨਿà¨à¨ ਠਤ੠ਮਾਫ੠ਵਿੱਠਵਿਸ਼ਵਾਸ ਠਤ੠ਵਿਸ਼ਵਾਸ ਸ਼ਾਮਲ ਹà©à©°à¨¦à¨¾ ਹà©.</p>
<p>ਵà©à¨à¨°à¨¨à¨à¨¼ ਵà©à¨à¨°à¨¨à¨à¨¼ ਦ੠ਠਧਿà¨à¨¨ ਵਿੱਠਮਾਨà¨à©à¨à¨°à¨£ ਦ੠ਸੰਦ ਦਿà¨à¨¾à¨à¨à¨¦à© ਹਨ (à¨à¨¿à¨µà©à¨ à¨à¨¿ ਨà©à¨¤à¨¿à¨ ਸੱਠਲੱà¨à¨£ ਦ੠ਲੱà¨à¨£) ਮਹੱਤਵਪà©à¨°à¨£ à¨à©±à¨² à¨à¨¹ ਪà©à¨¸à¨¼à¨à© à¨à¨°à¨¦à© ਹ੠à¨à¨¿ ਨà©à¨¤à¨¿à¨ ਸੱਠਪà©à¨à©à¨à¨¸à¨¡à© ਤà©à¨ ਵੱà¨à¨°à© ਹ੠&#8211; à¨à¨¾à¨µà©à¨ ਦà©à¨µà©à¨ ਮਾà©à© à¨à¨à¨°à¨¾à¨ ਦà©à¨à¨°à¨¾ ਬਣਾਠà¨à¨¼à¨à¨¼à¨® ਨà©à©° ਠà©à¨ à¨à¨°à¨¨ ਵਿੱਠਠà¨à¨¸à¨° à¨à¨¼à¨à¨¼à¨® ਵਿੱਠਠਸਫਲ ਰਹਿੰਦ੠ਹਨ. ਰਵਾà¨à¨¤à© ਪà©à¨à©à¨à¨¸à¨¡à© ਥà©à¨°à©à¨ªà© à¨à¨¿à¨à¨¨à¨ ਯਾਦਾਠਨà©à©° ਬਦਨਾਮ à¨à¨°à¨¦à© ਹà©, ਪਰ ਨà©à¨¤à¨¿à¨ ਸੱਠਨà©à©° à¨à¨® ਤà©à¨° &#8216;ਤ੠&#8220;ਠੱà¨à© ਵਧਣਾ&#8221; à¨à¨¼à¨°à©à¨°à© ਤà©à¨° ਤ੠&#8220;ਵੱਧ-ਮੱà¨à©-ਮੱà¨à© ਪਾਲਣ ਦ੠ਮà¨à¨¸à¨¦ ਠਤ੠ਪà©à¨¨à¨°à¨à¨ ਨ à¨à¨°à¨¨ ਵਿੱਠਸਹਾà¨à¨¤à¨¾ à¨à¨°à¨¦à¨¾ ਹà©.</p>
<h4 class="sub_head">ਨà©à¨¤à¨¿à¨ à¨à©à¨¡ ਬà©à¨</h4>
<p>ਠà¨à¨¸à¨¤ 1945 ਵਿà¨, ਵਲà©à¨¨ ਪਾਲ à¨à¨µà© à¨à¨¿à©±à¨¬à¨à¨¼, à¨à¨¿à¨¨à©à¨¹à¨¾à¨ ਨ੠enla à¨à© à¨à© ਠਤ੠ਹà©à¨°à©à¨¸à¨¼à©à¨®à¨¾ &#8216;ਤ੠ਬੰਬ ਸà©à©±à¨à¨¿à¨, à¨à¨¸ à¨à©±à¨² ਦ੠ਠਫ਼ਸਿਠà¨à¨¿ à¨à¨¸à¨¦à¨¾ à¨à©°à¨® ਲà©à¨¾à¨ à¨à¨¼à¨¤à¨® ਹ੠à¨à¨¿à¨. à¨à¨¸ ਦ੠à¨à¨²à¨, ਸਮਰਾਠਠਸ਼à©à¨à¨¾ 3 ਵਿà¨<sup>ਤà©à¨à¨¾</sup> ਸਦ੠ਸਾ.ਯà©.ਪà©. ਨà©à©° à¨à¨²à¨¿à©°à¨à¨¾ ਯà©à©±à¨§ ਤà©à¨ ਬਾਠਦ ਠਫ਼ਸà©à¨¸ ਹà©à¨à¨ ਠਤ੠ਠਥਾਰà¨à© ਨà©à©° à¨à¨¼à¨¿à©°à¨®à©à¨µà¨¾à¨° ਹà©à¨£ ਦ੠ਬਾਵà¨à©à¨¦ ਡà©à©°à¨à© ਨà©à¨¤à¨¿à¨à¨¤à¨¾ ਦਾ ਪà©à¨°à¨¦à¨°à¨¸à¨¼à¨¨ à¨à©à¨¤à¨¾. à¨à¨¹ à¨à¨¨à©à¨¹à¨¾à¨ ਨà©à©° à¨à¨à¨¾à¨à¨° à¨à¨°à¨¦à¨¾ ਹ੠à¨à¨¿ ਨà©à¨¤à¨¿à¨ ਸੱਠਵਿਠà¨à¨¤à©à¨à¨¤ ਹà©, à¨à© ਸਿਰਫ à¨à¨à¨ ਵਿੱਠਹ੠ਨਹà©à¨ ਬਲà¨à¨¿ ਨਿੱà¨à© ਨà©à¨¤à¨¿à¨ ਵਿਸ਼ਵਾਸਾਠਵਿੱਠਹà©. </p>
<p>ਨà©à¨¤à¨¿à¨ ਮà©à¨à© ਦਾ à¨à©à¨à¨® ਵਿਠà¨à¨¤à©à¨à¨¤ ਠਤ੠ਸà¨à¨¿à¨à¨à¨¾à¨° ਤà©à¨ ਵੱà¨à¨°à© ਠਤ੠ਸà¨à¨¿à¨à¨à¨¾à¨° ਤà©à¨ ਵੱà¨à¨°à© ਵੱà¨à¨°à© ਹà©à©°à¨¦à© ਹਨ, à¨à¨¹ à¨à¨¸ à¨à©±à¨² ਤ੠ਨਿਰà¨à¨° à¨à¨°à¨¦à¨¾ ਹ੠à¨à¨¿ ਵਿਠà¨à¨¤à©à¨à¨¤ à¨à¨¾à¨ ਸੰਸਥਾà¨à¨¤ à¨à¨¦à¨°à¨¾à¨ à¨à©à¨®à¨¤à¨¾à¨ ਨਾਲ ਦà©à¨°à¨¿à©à¨¤à¨¾ ਨਾਲ à¨à¨à¨°à¨¾à¨à¨à¨¦à¨¾ ਹà©. à¨à¨¹ à¨à¨¸ ਬਾਰ੠ਹ੠à¨à¨¿ à¨à¨¹ à¨à©°à¨® à¨à¨¿à¨¸à© ਦ੠ਨਿੱà¨à© ਨà©à¨¤à¨¿à¨ structure ਾà¨à¨à© ਨਾਲ à¨à¨¿à¨µà©à¨ à¨à¨à¨°à¨¾à¨à¨à¨¦à¨¾ ਹà©. ਸਿੱà¨à© ਦਾ 19 ਮਹਾà¨à¨®à¨¾à¨°à© ਦà©à¨°à¨¾à¨¨, (ਬਹà©à¨¤ ਸਾਰà©, ਹਾਲਾà¨à¨à¨¿ ਸਾਰ੠ਨਹà©à¨) ਸਿਹਤ ਸੰà¨à¨¾à¨² à¨à¨°à¨¨ ਵਾਲ੠ਵਰà©à¨¹à¨£ ਦ੠ਵਰਦ੠ਠੰਦਰà©à¨¨à© à¨à¨à¨°à¨¾à¨ ਦਾ ਠਨà©à¨à¨µ à¨à¨°à¨¦à© ਹਨ. à¨à¨¨à©à¨¹à¨¾à¨ ਨà©à©° ਠਸੰà¨à¨µ ਵਿà¨à¨²à¨ªà¨¾à¨ ਨਾਲ ਨà©à¨à¨¸à¨¾à¨¨ ਪਹà©à©°à¨à¨¿à¨ ਸà©, à¨à¨¿à¨¸ ਨà©à©° à¨à¨¨à©à¨¹à¨¾à¨ ਨà©à©° ਸà©à¨µ à¨à¨°à¨¨à¨¾ ਹ੠ਠਤ੠à¨à¨¿à¨¸ ਨà©à©° ਦà©à¨° à¨à¨°à¨¨à¨¾ ਹà©. à¨à©à¨ ਲà©à¨à¨¾à¨ ਲਠਵਿਸ਼ਵਾਸà¨à¨¾à¨¤ ਦ੠à¨à¨¾à¨µà¨¨à¨¾, ਬà©à¨µà¨¸à© ਠਤ੠ਬਹà©à¨¤ ਸਾਰ੠ਪà©à¨°à¨£à¨¾à¨²à©à¨à¨ ਦà©à¨à¨°à¨¾ ਵਿਸ਼ਵਾਸ ਸ੠à¨à© à¨à¨¸à¨¨à© à¨à¨ªà¨£à© ਨà©à¨¤à¨¿à¨ ਫਰà¨à¨¼à¨¾à¨ ਨà©à©° ਪà©à¨°à¨¾ à¨à¨°à¨¨ ਵਿੱਠਠਸਮਰਥਤਾ ਦ੠à¨à¨¾à¨°à¨¨ ਸà©à¨µà¨¾ à¨à©à¨¤à©. </p>
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