<h2 class="sub-title">à¨à©à¨°à¨¾à¨à¨¸à¨à©à¨¨à¨¿à¨ à¨à¨ à¨à©à¨µ à¨à¨¾à¨ ਸà©à©±à¨² ਨà©à©° ਦਰਸਾà¨à¨à¨¦à¨¾ ਹà©, à¨à¨¿à¨¸ ਦ੠à¨à©à¨¨à©à¨® ਨà©à©° à¨à¨ à¨à¨¾à¨ ਵਧà©à¨°à© ਵਿਦà©à¨¸à¨¼à© ਡà©à¨à¨¨à¨ ਦ੠ਸ਼à©à¨°à©à¨à¨¤ ਤà©à¨ à¨à¨ à¨à¨¾à¨ ਵਧà©à¨°à© ਸਪà©à¨¸à©à¨à¨¼ ਤà©à¨ ਨà¨à¨²à© ਸਾਧਨ ਦà©à¨à¨°à¨¾ ਬਦਲਿਠà¨à¨¿à¨ ਹà©.</h2>
<p></p>
<div id="content-body-69356894" class="articlebodycontent col-xl-9 col-lg-12 col-md-12 col-sm-12 col-12" itemprop="articleBody">
<p>ਯà©à¨¨à¨¾à¨à¨à¨¿à¨¡ ਸà¨à©à¨ ਦ੠ਰਾਸ਼à¨à¨°à¨ªà¨¤à© ਡà©à¨¨à¨¾à¨²à¨¡ à¨à¨°à©°à¨ª ਤà©à¨ ਬਾਠਦ, ਹਾਲ ਹ੠à¨à¨¼à¨¬à¨°à¨¾à¨ ਨ੠ਦੱਸਿਠà¨à¨¿ &#8220;8 ਮਿਲà©à¨ ਨ ਠਮਰà©à¨à© ਡਾਲਰ à¨à©à¨¹à© ਨà©à©° à¨à©à¨¹à© ਬਣਾà¨à¨£ ਲਠà¨à¨°à¨ à¨à©à¨¤à© à¨à¨.&#8221; à¨à¨¸ ਤà©à¨ ਬਾਠਦ, à¨à©à¨à¨¨ ਤ੠ਰਿਪਬਲà©à¨à¨¨ ਤà©à¨ ਰਿਪਬਲà©à¨à¨¨, ਠਤ੠ਫਿਰ à¨à¨°à©°à¨ª ਨ੠ਦਾਠਵਾ à¨à©à¨¤à¨¾: &#8220;à¨à¨¹ ਠਸਲ ਹà©.&#8221; ਹਾਲਾà¨à¨à¨¿, à¨à©°à¨à¨°à¨¨à©à¨ ਤà©à¨°à©°à¨¤ à¨à¨¸ ਨà©à©° ਸà©à¨²à¨à¨¾à¨à¨£ ਲਠਫà¨à¨¿à¨: à¨à¨¹ ਹà©à¨£à¨¾ à¨à¨¾à¨¹à©à¨¦à¨¾ ਸ੠<i>à¨à©à¨°à¨¾à¨à¨¸à¨à©à¨¨à¨¿à¨</i> à¨à©à¨¹à©, à¨à©à¨¹à© à¨à¨¨à©à¨¹à¨¾à¨ ਦ੠ਲਿੰਠਨà©à©° ਬਦਲਣ ਲਠਬਹਿਸ ਨਹà©à¨ à¨à¨°à¨¦à©.</p>
<h4 class="sub_head">ਸ਼ਬਦ &#8211; ਮਾਧਿਠਮ </h4>
<p>ਪਰ ਫਿਰ à¨à©à¨°à¨¾à¨à¨¸à¨à©à¨¨à¨¿à¨ ਦਾ ਮਤਲਬ à¨à© ਹà©? </p>
<p>ਠਸਲ ਸ਼ਬਦ <i>à¨à©à¨°à¨¾à¨à¨¸</i> &#8216;à¨à¨ ਤà©à¨ ਦà©à¨¸à¨°à© ਤੱà¨&#8217;, ਠਤ੠<i>à¨à©à¨¨à©à¨à¨¿à¨</i> à¨à©à¨¨à¨¾à¨ ਦ੠ਸੰਬੰਧ ਵਿਠਵਰਤਿਠà¨à¨¾à¨à¨¦à¨¾ ਹà©. à¨à©à¨°à¨¾à¨à¨¸à¨à©à¨¨à¨¿à¨ à¨à¨ à¨à©à¨µ à¨à¨¾à¨ ਸà©à©±à¨² ਨà©à©° ਦਰਸਾà¨à¨à¨¦à¨¾ ਹ੠à¨à¨¿à¨¨à©à¨¹à¨¾à¨ ਦ੠à¨à©à¨¨à©à¨® ਨà©à©° à¨à¨ à¨à¨¾à¨ ਵਧà©à¨°à© ਵਿਦà©à¨¸à¨¼à© ਡà©à¨à¨¨à¨ ਦ੠à¨à©à¨°à¨® ਦ੠à¨à¨ à¨à¨¾à¨ ਵਧà©à¨°à© ਵਿਦà©à¨¸à¨¼à© ਡà©à¨à¨¨à¨ à¨à©à¨°à¨® ਦ੠ਸ਼à©à¨°à©à¨à¨¤ ਦà©à¨à¨°à¨¾ ਨà¨à¨²à© ਸਾਧਨ ਦà©à¨à¨°à¨¾ ਬਦਲਿਠà¨à¨¿à¨ ਹà©. ਨà©à¨¸à¨¼à¨¨à¨² ਮਾਨਵ à¨à©à¨¨à©à¨® ਰਿਸਰਠà¨à©°à¨¸à¨à©à¨à¨¿ .ਠਦ੠ਠਨà©à¨¸à¨¾à¨°, à¨à©à¨ ਦ੠à¨à¨¦à©à¨¸à¨¼à¨¾à¨ ਲਠਪà©à¨°à¨¯à©à¨à¨¸à¨¼à¨¾à¨²à¨¾ ਵਿੱਠਪà©à¨¦à¨¾ ਹà©à©°à¨¦à¨¾ ਹà©. </p>
<p>ਤੱਥ-à¨à©à¨à¨¾à¨ ਨ੠ਦੱਸਿਠà¨à¨¿ à¨à¨¹ ਠਨà©à¨®à¨¾à¨¨ ਲà¨à¨¾à¨à¨ à¨à¨¿ à¨à¨¹ à¨à¨²à¨¤à¨«à¨¹à¨¿à¨®à© ਨਹà©à¨ ਹ੠ਸà¨à¨¦à¨¾, à¨à¨¿à¨¸ ਦਾ ਸà©à¨°à© à¨à¨°à©°à¨ª ਸ਼ਾà¨à¨¦ ਵà©à¨¹à¨¾à¨à¨ à¨à©à¨ ਵà©à¨¸à¨ ਪà©à¨°à¨¾à¨à©à¨à¨ ਦ੠ਰਿਪà©à¨°à¨ ਦਾ à¨à¨¼à¨¿à¨à¨° à¨à¨° ਰਿਹਾ ਸà©, à¨à© à¨à¨¿ à¨à©à¨°à¨¾à¨à¨¸à¨à©à¨à¨¡à¨° à¨à©à¨¹à©, à¨à©à¨¹à© ਠਤ੠ਬਾà¨à¨¦à¨°à¨¾à¨ ਨਾਲ ਸਬੰਧਤ ਪà©à¨°à¨¾à¨à©à¨à¨à¨¾à¨ &#8216;ਤ੠10 ਮਿਲà©à¨ ਨ ਡਾਲਰ ਤà©à¨ ਵੱਧ à¨à¨°à¨ à¨à©à¨¤à¨¾ à¨à¨¿à¨ ਸà©. à¨à¨¹ ਰਿਪà©à¨°à¨ à¨à©à¨°à¨¨à¨µà©à¨à¨¿à¨µà¨à¨¼ ਵਿੱਠà¨à¨¤à¨²à©à¨à¨® ਵਿੱਠà¨à©à©°à¨®à¨£ ਵਿੱਠà¨à¨¾à¨®à¨¯à¨¾à¨¬ ਹà©à¨ ਸ੠à¨à¨¿ à¨à¨¹ ਰਨਿਦਾਤਾ ਠਤ੠à¨à¨¾à¨«à¨¼à© ਸਮà©à¨«à©à¨¬à¨¿à¨ à¨à¨¾à¨°à¨ ਨà©à©° ਪà©à¨°à©à¨°à¨£à¨¾à¨¦à¨¾à¨à¨ ਸ੠à¨à¨¿ ਬà©à¨²à©à©à© à¨à©à¨ à¨à©à¨®à¨¤à© à¨à©à¨à¨¸à¨¦à¨¾à¨¤à¨¾ ਫੰਡਾਠਦ੠ਦà©à¨°à¨µà¨°à¨¤à©à¨ à¨à¨° ਰਹ੠ਸà©. </p>
<p>à¨à¨°à©°à¨ª ਦà©à¨à¨ à¨à¨¿à¨ªà¨£à©à¨à¨ ਤà©à¨ ਬਾਠਦ, ਸੰਯà©à¨à¨¤ ਰਾਠਦà©à¨à¨ ਮà©à¨¡à©à¨ ਰਿਪà©à¨°à¨à¨¾à¨ ਨ੠ਦੱਸਿਠà¨à¨¿ ਵà©à¨¹à¨¾à¨à¨ ਹਾ House ਸ ਨ੠ਰਾਸ਼à¨à¨°à© ਸਿਹਤ à¨à©à¨°à¨¾à¨à¨à¨¾à¨ ਦ੠ਸà©à¨à© ਸਾà¨à¨à© à¨à¨°à¨à© à¨à¨µà¨¾à¨¬ ਦਿੱਤਾ. ਪà©à¨°à©à¨¸ ਰਿਲà©à¨à¨¼ ਨà©à©° à¨à©à¨à¨¦à¨°à©-ਫੰਡ à¨à©à¨¤à© à¨à©à¨ ਪà©à¨°à¨¾à¨à©à¨à¨à¨¾à¨ ਦ੠ਡà©à¨à¨¾à¨¬à©à¨¸ ਤà©à¨ à¨à© ਠਧਿà¨à¨¨à¨¾à¨ ਦ੠ਸà©à¨à© ਦਿੱਤ੠à¨à¨ ਹà©, à¨à¨¿à¨¨à©à¨¹à¨¾à¨ ਦ੠ਵਰਤà©à¨ ਹਾਰਮà©à¨¨à¨¸ ਦ੠ਮਾà¨à¨¨à¨¸ ਦ੠à¨à¨²à¨¾à¨ ਲਠਠਤ੠ਲਿੰà¨-ਸà©à¨ à¨à©à¨ ਰ ਦ੠ਵੱਠਵੱਠਪਹਿਲà©à¨à¨ ਦ੠à¨à©à¨ à¨à©à¨¤à© à¨à¨. à¨à¨¸ ਵਿੱà¨, ਸà¨à¨°à©à¨à¨¼ ਹਾਰਮà©à¨¨ ਹਾਰਮà©à¨¨ ਦ੠ਠਧਿà¨à¨¨ ਦ੠ਠਧਿà¨à¨¨ ਦ੠ਠਧਿà¨à¨¨ ਵਿੱਠਮਾà¨à¨à¨°à©à¨à¨¡ ਦ੠ਹਾਰਮà©à¨¨ ਦ੠ਠਧਿà¨à¨¨ ਦ੠ਮà©à¨à©à¨°à©à¨¬à©à¨¨ ਥà©à¨°à©à¨ªà© ਦ੠ਪà©à¨°à¨à¨¨à¨¨, à¨à©±à¨ ਠਧਿà¨à¨¨, à¨à¨à¨¡à¨°à©à¨°à©à¨à¨¨ ਪà©à¨°à¨à¨¾à¨µ ਦਾ ਵਿਸ਼ਲà©à¨¸à¨¼à¨£ à¨à¨°à¨¨ ਵਾਲ੠ਮà©à¨¸à©à¨ ਦਾ ਠਧਿà¨à¨¨ à¨à¨°à¨¦à¨¾ ਹà©. </p>
<p>ਪà©à¨¸à¨¾ à¨à©à¨¹à© à¨à©à¨°à¨¾à¨à¨¸à¨à©à¨à¨¡à¨° ਬਣਾà¨à¨£ ਲਠà¨à¨°à¨ ਨਹà©à¨ à¨à©à¨¤à¨¾ à¨à¨¿à¨ ਸà©. </p>
<h4 class="sub_head">à¨à©à¨°à¨¾à¨à¨à©à¨¨à¨¿à¨ à¨à©à¨¹à© ਦ੠ਵਰਤà©à¨ </h4>
<p>à¨à©à¨°à¨¾à¨à¨¸à¨à©à¨¨à¨¿à¨ à¨à¨¾à¨¨à¨µà¨°à¨¾à¨ ਵਿੱਠਵੱà¨à© ਵੱà¨à¨°à©à¨à¨ à¨à¨¿à¨¸à¨®à¨¾à¨ ਦà©à¨à¨ à¨à¨¿à¨¸à¨®à¨¾à¨ ਦà©à¨à¨ à¨à¨¿à¨¸à¨®à¨¾à¨ à¨à¨¿à¨µà©à¨ ਮੱà¨à©, à¨à¨¿à¨à¨¨, à¨à¨°à¨à©à¨¸à¨¼, ਸà©à¨°, à¨à©à¨¡, ਬੱà¨à¨°à©à¨à¨, ਪਸ਼à©à¨à¨, à¨à©à¨¹à©. à¨à©à¨¨à©à¨à¨¿à¨ ਠਧਿà¨à¨¨ ਵਿੱਠਲੰਬ੠ਸਮà©à¨ ਲਠà¨à©à¨°à¨¾à¨à¨¸à¨à©à¨¨à¨¿à¨ à¨à©à¨¹à© ਦ੠ਵਰਤà©à¨ à¨à©à¨¤à© à¨à¨¾à¨à¨¦à© ਹà©. ਡà©à¨à¨¨à¨ ਦ੠ਲà©à¨¨à©à¨ ਰ à¨à©à¨à©à© à¨à©±à¨ ਬà©à¨¤à¨°à¨¤à©à¨¬à© ਫà©à¨¸à¨¼à¨¨ ਵਿੱਠà¨à©à¨¨à©à¨® ਵਿੱਠà¨à¨à©à¨à©à¨°à¨¿à¨¤ à¨à©à¨¤à© à¨à¨¾ ਸà¨à¨¦à© ਹਨ. à¨à© à¨à©à¨¨ ਦà©à¨à¨°à¨¾ ਪà©à¨°à©à¨°à¨¿à¨¤ à¨à©à¨°à©à¨®à©à¨¸à©à¨® à¨à¨§à¨¾à¨° &#8216;ਤ੠ਦਾà¨à¨² ਹ੠ਸà¨à¨¦à¨¾ ਹà©, à¨à¨¿à¨¸ ਵਿੱਠਪੱà¨à© ਤà©à¨°&#8217; ਤ੠ਪੱà¨à© ਤà©à¨° &#8216;ਤ੠ਪੱà¨à© ਤà©à¨°&#8217; ਤ੠ਪੱà¨à© ਤà©à¨° &#8216;ਤ੠ਬਦਲਿਠà¨à¨¾à¨à¨¦à¨¾ ਹà©, à¨à¨¿à¨¸ ਵਿਠà¨à¨¸à¨° ਦ੠à¨à©à¨ ਵਿà¨, à¨à©à¨°à¨¾à¨à¨¸à¨à©à¨¨à¨¿à¨ ਹà©, à¨à©à¨à¨¸à¨° à¨à©à¨ ਦ੠à¨à¨ ਠਧਿà¨à¨ ਵਿà¨, à¨à©à¨°à¨¾à¨à¨¸à¨à©à¨¨à¨¿à¨ ਹà©. <a rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank" href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/referencework/9780122275555/encyclopedia-of-cancer">à¨à¨¸à¨°</a> (ਦà©à¨à¨¾ ਸੰਸà¨à¨°à¨£). </p>
<p>à¨à©à¨°à¨¾à¨à¨¸à¨à©à¨¨à¨¿à¨ à¨à©à¨¹à©, à¨à¨¿à¨¸ ਵਿੱਠà¨à©à¨¨ ਨà©à©° à¨à¨¤à¨® à¨à¨° ਦਿੱਤਾ à¨à¨¾à¨à¨¦à¨¾ ਹ੠à¨à¨¾à¨ à¨à©à¨¨ ਦ੠ਨà©à¨à¨¸à¨¾à¨¨ ਦਾ à¨à¨¾à¨°à¨¨ ਬਣਦਾ ਹà©, ਨà©à©° ਨਦ੠ਦ੠à¨à©à¨¹à© à¨à¨¿à¨¹à¨¾ à¨à¨¾à¨à¨¦à¨¾ ਹà©. à¨à¨¹ à¨à©à¨¹à© URSA ਲà©à¨à¨ªà¨°à©à¨¹ à¨à¨°à©à¨à¨à¨° ਵਿੱà¨, à¨à©±à¨ à¨à¨® à¨à©à¨¨ ਦ੠à¨à©à¨µà¨¿à¨ à¨à¨¾à¨°à¨ ਬਾਰ੠à¨à©à¨®à¨¤à© ਸà©à¨°à¨¾à¨ ਪà©à¨°à¨¦à¨¾à¨¨ à¨à¨°à¨¦à© ਹਨ <a rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank" href="https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/oncology/articles/10.3389/fonc.2018.00268/full">&#8216;à¨à©à¨à¨¸à¨° ਰਿਸਰਠਵਿਠà¨à©à¨°à¨¾à¨à¨¸à¨à©à¨¨à¨¿à¨ ਮਾ mouse ਸ ਮਾਡਲ&#8217;</a> ਵਿੱਠਪà©à¨°à¨à¨¾à¨¸à¨¼à¨¤ <i>ਸਰਹੱਦ੠ਵਿà¨à¨¿à¨à¨¨</i>, </p>
<p>ਦਰਠਸਲ, à¨à©à¨°à¨¾à¨à¨¸à¨à©à¨¨à¨¿à¨ à¨à©à¨¹à© à¨à¨¹ ਪà©à¨°à¨¦à¨°à¨¸à¨¼à¨¿à¨¤ à¨à¨°à¨¨ ਲਠਵਰਤ੠à¨à¨¾à¨à¨¦à© ਸਨ à¨à¨¿ ਡ੠à¨à¨¨ ਠà¨à¨ ਠਣ੠ਹ੠à¨à© à¨à©à¨¨à©à¨à¨¿à¨ à¨à©à¨¡ ਰੱà¨à¨¦à¨¾ ਹ੠ਠਤ੠à¨à¨ à¨à¨¸à¨° ਦਾ à¨à¨¾à¨°à¨¨ ਬਣ ਸà¨à¨¦à¨¾ ਹà©. &#8220;à¨à©à¨°à¨¾à¨à¨¸à¨à©à¨¨à¨¿à¨ à¨à¨¾à¨¨à¨µà¨°à¨¾à¨ ਨ੠à¨à¨® ਸਰà©à¨°à¨ ਪà©à¨°à¨à¨¿à¨°à¨¿à¨à¨µà¨¾à¨ ਨà©à©° ਸਮà¨à¨£ ਲਠਤਿà¨à¨° à¨à©à¨¤à¨¾ à¨à¨¿à¨ ਹ੠à¨à¨¿à¨µà©à¨ à¨à¨¿ ਪਾà¨à¨ ਠਤ੠à¨à©à¨¨ ਦ੠ਸà©à©±à¨² ਦਾ à¨à¨¤à¨ªà¨¾à¨¦à¨¨. </p>
<p>ਰਾਸ਼à¨à¨°à© ਮਨà©à©±à¨à© ਰਿਸਰਠà¨à©°à¨¸à¨à©à¨à¨¿ .à¨, ਯà©à¨à¨¸, ਠਨà©à¨µà¨¾à¨¦ ਠਤ੠à¨à¨¾à¨°à¨à¨¸à¨¼à©à¨² à¨à©à¨¨à©à¨®à¨¿à¨à¨¸ ਬà©à¨°à¨¾à¨à¨ ਵਿà¨à© ਸà©à¨¨à©à¨ ਰ à¨à¨¾à¨à¨à¨à¨°à¨¤à¨¾, ਪà©à¨² ਪà©. ਲਿ u à¨à¨¹à¨¿à©°à¨¦à¨¾ ਹà©: &#8220;ਮਨà©à©±à¨à© ਠਤ੠ਮਾ mouse ਸ à¨à¨¿à¨¨à©à¨® ਤਰਤà©à¨¬ ਦ੠ਨਾਲ ਲੱà¨à¨£ ਦ੠ਨਾਲ, ਸੰਬੰਧਿਤ à¨à©à¨¨à¨¾à¨ ਦ੠ਪà¨à¨¾à¨£ à¨à¨°à¨¨à¨¾ ਵਧà©à¨°à© ਮà©à¨¸à¨¼à¨à¨² ਹà©à¨µà©à¨à¨¾ à¨à¨¿ ਸੰਬੰਧਾਠਨà©à©° ਬਹà©à¨¤ à¨à¨¼à¨¿à¨à¨¦à¨¾ ਪà©à¨°à¨à¨¨à¨¨ ਵਿà¨à¨¾à¨°à¨¾à¨ ਦ੠ਵਿà¨à¨à¨¾à¨° ਸਬੰਧਤ à¨à©à¨¨à¨¾à¨ ਦ੠ਪà¨à¨¾à¨£ à¨à¨°à¨¨à¨¾ ਵਧà©à¨°à© ਸੰà¨à¨µ ਹà©à¨µà©à¨à¨¾.&#8221; </p>
<p>ਵਿà¨à¨¿à¨à¨¨ ਵਿੱਠਪà©à¨°à¨à¨¾à¨¸à¨¼à¨¤ à¨à©±à¨ ਪà©à¨ªà¨° ਵਿੱà¨, <a rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank" href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0303720705000353">à¨à©à¨¨à©à¨à¨¿à¨ ਹà©à¨°à¨¾à¨«à©à¨°à©</a>ਮਾ magule ਸ ਦ੠ਤà©à¨° ਤ੠ਮਾ mouse ਸ ਦ੠ਵਰਤà©à¨ à¨à¨°à¨¨ ਦ੠ਫਾà¨à¨¦à¨¿à¨à¨ ਦ੠ਵਿà¨à¨à¨¾à¨°: à¨à©±à¨ ਮà©à¨à¨¾à¨¬à¨²à¨¤à¨¨ à¨à©±à¨ ਪà©à©à©à¨¹à© ਦਾ ਸਮਾਠ(9-10 ਹਫ਼ਤ੠à¨à¨¨à¨® ਦà©à¨£ ਲਠਪà©à¨¦à¨¾ ਹà©à¨£ ਤà©à¨ 9-10 ਹਫ਼ਤ੠ਪà©à¨°à¨¯à©à¨à¨¸à¨¼à¨¾à¨²à¨¾ ਵਿੱਠਨਸਲ. </p>
<h4 class="sub_head">ਠਨà©à¨®à¨¾à¨¨ ਨà©à©° à¨à©à¨à¨¸à¨° ਵਿੱਠ</h4>
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