<h2 class="sub-title">à¨à¨¾à¨¸à¨¼à¨¾à¨µà¨¾à¨ ਦà©à¨à¨ ਧà©à¨¨à©à¨à¨ ਠਤ੠ਧà©à¨¨à© ਪà©à¨°à¨£à¨¾à¨²à©à¨à¨ ਨà©à©° ਸਿà¨à¨¾à¨à¨£à¨¾ à¨à¨¨à¨¾ ਹ੠ਠਸੰà¨à¨µ ਹ੠à¨à¨¿à©°à¨¨à¨¾ à¨à¨¿ ਲਿਪà©à¨à¨ ਵਿੱਠà¨à¨µà¨¾à¨à¨¼à¨¾à¨ ਨà©à©° ਦਰਸਾà¨à¨£ ਦ੠à¨à©à©°à¨à¨²à¨¦à¨¾à¨° ਤਰà©à¨à¨¿à¨à¨ ਨà©à©° ਸਿà¨à¨¾à¨à¨£à¨¾à¥¤</h2>
<p></p>
<div id="content-body-70310652" class="articlebodycontent col-xl-9 col-lg-12 col-md-12 col-sm-12 col-12">
<div class="schemaDiv" id="schemaDiv" itemprop="articleBody">
<p>ਠਧਿà¨à¨ªà¨à¨¾à¨, ਠਧਿà¨à¨ªà¨-ਸਿà¨à¨¿à¨ à¨à¨¾à¨, ਪਾਠਪà©à¨¸à¨¤à¨à¨¾à¨ ਦ੠ਲà©à¨à¨à¨¾à¨, ਮਾਪਿà¨à¨ ਸਮà©à¨¤ ਹà©à¨°à¨¾à¨ ਨà©à©° à¨à¨¹ ਯà¨à©à¨¨ ਦਿਵਾà¨à¨£à¨¾ ਬਹà©à¨¤ ਮà©à¨¸à¨¼à¨à¨² ਹ੠à¨à¨¿ à¨à© ਬੱà¨à© ਪਤਲ੠ਹਵਾ ਵਿੱà¨à©à¨ à¨à¨µà¨¾à¨à¨¼à¨¾à¨ ਦ੠ਪà©à¨°à¨£à¨¾à¨²à© ਨà©à©° ਨਿà¨à©à© ਸà¨à¨¦à© ਹਨ, à¨à¨¹ à¨à©±à¨ ਢà©à¨à¨µà©à¨ ਪਾਠਦ੠ਸੰਪਰਠਵਿੱਠà¨à¨à¨£ ਤà©à¨ ਬਾਠਦ à¨à¨ªà¨£à© à¨à¨ª ਲਿਪ੠ਸਿੱà¨à¨£ ਦ੠ਸਮਰੱਥਾ ਰੱà¨à¨¦à© ਹਨ। </p>
<p>à¨à¨¾à¨° ਸਾਲ ਦਾ ਬੱà¨à¨¾ à¨à¨ªà¨£à© à¨à¨¾à¨¸à¨¼à¨¾ ਦà©à¨à¨ ਧà©à¨¨à©à¨à¨, ਸ਼ਬਦਾਠਠਤ੠ਵਾà¨à¨¾à¨ ਦà©à¨à¨ ਬà©à¨¨à¨¿à¨à¨¦à© ਪà©à¨°à¨£à¨¾à¨²à©à¨à¨ ਨà©à©° ਨਿਯੰਤਰਿਤ à¨à¨°à¨¦à¨¾ ਹ੠ਠਤ੠à¨à¨ªà¨£à© ਮਾਤਾ-ਪਿਤਾ ਠਤ੠ਦà©à¨¸à¨¤à¨¾à¨ ਨਾਲ ਸੰਦਰà¨-à¨à¨à¨¿à¨¤ à¨à©±à¨²à¨¬à¨¾à¨¤ ਵਿੱਠਸ਼ਾਮਲ ਹ੠ਸà¨à¨¦à¨¾ ਹà©, ਲà¨à¨¾à¨¤à¨¾à¨° à¨à¨¹ ਵਾਠà¨à¨° ਸà¨à¨¦à¨¾ ਹ੠à¨à© à¨à¨¸à¨¨à© ਪਹਿਲਾਠà¨à¨¦à© ਨਹà©à¨ ਸà©à¨£à¨¿à¨ ਹà©à¨µà©à¨à¨¾à¥¤ à¨à¨¹ à¨à¨²à¨¤ ਧਾਰਨਾ à¨à¨¿ à¨à¨¿à¨¸à© ਸ਼ਬਦ ਨà©à©° ਦਰਸਾà¨à¨à¨¦à© ਤਸਵà©à¨° ਦà©à¨à¨°à¨¾ ਠੱà¨à¨°à¨¾à¨ ਦ੠ਸਮà©à¨¹ ਨà©à©° ਸਿà¨à¨¾ à¨à© ਲਿà¨à¨£ ਦ੠ਪà©à¨°à¨£à¨¾à¨²à© ਨà©à©° ਸਿà¨à¨¾à¨à¨ à¨à¨¾ ਸà¨à¨¦à¨¾ ਹ੠ਠਤ੠à¨à¨¸à¨¦à© ਵਰਤà©à¨ ਬਹà©à¨¤ ਤਰਸਯà©à¨ ਠਤ੠à¨à¨¤à¨°à¨¨à¨¾à¨ ਹà©à¥¤ à¨à¨¹ ਲਾà¨à¨¼à¨®à© ਤà©à¨° &#8216;ਤ੠ਬਹà©à¨¤ ਬà©à¨°à¨¿à©°à¨ ਠਤ੠ਠਰਥਹà©à¨£ ਰà©à¨à¨¿à¨ ਪਾਠਾਠਠਤ੠ਸਿੱà¨à¨¿à¨ ਸ਼ਾਸਤਰ੠ਠà¨à¨¿à¨à¨¸à¨¾à¨ ਦ੠à¨à¨¤à¨ªà¨¾à¨¦à¨¨ ਵਿੱਠਨਤà©à¨à¨¾ ਹà©à©°à¨¦à¨¾ ਹ੠à¨à© ਸਿà¨à¨¿à¨à¨°à¨¥à©à¨à¨ ਨà©à©° à¨à¨¨à©à¨¹à¨¾à¨ ਦ੠ਬਾà¨à© ਦ੠à¨à¨¼à¨¿à©°à¨¦à¨à© ਲਠਪà©à©à¨¹à¨¨ ਤà©à¨ ਰà©à¨à¨¦à¨¾ ਹà©à¥¤ à¨à© ਪà©à©à¨¹à¨¦à© ਰਹਿੰਦ੠ਹਨ, à¨à¨¹ ਪà©à©à¨¹à¨¾à¨ à¨à¨°à¨à© ਨਹà©à¨ ਸà¨à©à¨ à¨à¨¸ ਦ੠ਬਾਵà¨à©à¨¦ ਠà¨à¨¿à¨¹à¨¾ à¨à¨°à¨¦à© ਹਨ।</p>
<p>à¨à¨¿à¨¸ ਤਰà©à¨¹à¨¾à¨ à¨à¨¾à¨¸à¨¼à¨¾à¨µà¨¾à¨ ਦà©à¨à¨ ਧà©à¨¨à©à¨à¨ ਠਤ੠ਧà©à¨¨à© ਪà©à¨°à¨£à¨¾à¨²à©à¨à¨ ਨà©à©° ਸਿà¨à¨¾à¨à¨£à¨¾ ਠਸੰà¨à¨µ ਹà©, à¨à¨¸à© ਤਰà©à¨¹à¨¾à¨ ਲਿਪà©à¨à¨ ਵਿਠà¨à¨µà¨¾à¨à¨¼à¨¾à¨ ਨà©à©° ਦਰਸਾà¨à¨£ ਦ੠à¨à©à©°à¨à¨²à¨¦à¨¾à¨° ਤਰà©à¨à¨¿à¨à¨ ਨà©à©° ਸਿà¨à¨¾à¨à¨£à¨¾ ਵ੠ਠਸੰà¨à¨µ ਹà©à¥¤ ਸ਼ਬਦਾਠ&#8216;ਤ੠à¨à©à¨° à¨à¨°à©: ਪਾਪਾ ਠਤ੠ਬਾਬਾ। à¨à¨¦à©à¨ ਬà©à¨²à¨¿à¨ à¨à¨¾à¨à¨¦à¨¾ ਹà©, ਤਾਠਦà©à¨µà¨¾à¨ ਵਿੱਠਸਿਰਫ à¨à©±à¨ ਠੰਤਰ ਹà©à©°à¨¦à¨¾ ਹ੠à¨à¨¾à¨µ ਪਾ ਠਤ੠ਬਾ ਦ੠à¨à¨à¨¾à¨°à¨¨ ਵਿੱà¨à¥¤ ਦà©à¨µà©à¨ ਧà©à¨¨à©à¨à¨ ਦà©à¨à¨¾à¨¸à¨¼à© ਹਨ, à¨à© à¨à¨¿ ਠੰਤਰ ਨà©à©° ਵੱਠà¨à¨°à¨¨ ਦ੠à¨à©°à¨® ਨà©à©° ਹà©à¨° à¨à©à¨£à©à¨¤à©à¨ªà©à¨°à¨¨ ਬਣਾà¨à¨à¨¦à©à¨à¨ ਹਨ, à¨à¨¿à¨à¨à¨à¨¿ ਸਪà©à¨à¨° ਠਤ੠ਬੱà¨à© ਵਿà¨à¨à¨¾à¨° ਸਿਰਫ ਹਵਾ ਦ੠à¨à©±à¨ ਧਾਰਾ ਹà©à¥¤ ਦ੠ਧà©à¨¨à©à¨à¨ ਵਿੱਠਠੰਤਰ B ਦ੠ਮਾਮਲ੠ਵਿੱਠਵà©à¨à¨² à¨à©à¨°à¨¡ ਦ੠à¨à©°à¨ªà¨¨ à¨à¨¾à¨°à¨¨ ਹà©à©°à¨¦à¨¾ ਹ੠à¨à¨¦à©à¨ à¨à¨¿ P ਦ੠ਮਾਮਲ੠ਵਿੱਠà¨à©à¨ ਨਹà©à¨ ਹà©à©°à¨¦à¨¾à¥¤ ਬੱà¨à© à¨à©à¨² à¨à¨¸ ਵਾà¨à¨¬à©à¨°à©à¨¸à¨¼à¨¨ ਨà©à©° ਦà©à¨à¨£ ਲਠà¨à©à¨ ਡਿà¨à©à¨à¨² à¨à¨®à©à¨à¨¿à©°à¨ ਸਿਸà¨à¨® ਨਹà©à¨ ਹà©à¥¤ à¨à¨¹ ਸਿਰਫ਼ à¨à¨µà¨¾à¨à¨¼à¨¾à¨ ਦ੠ਪà©à¨°à¨à¨¿à¨°à¨¿à¨ à¨à¨°à¨¨ ਠਤ੠à¨à¨¹à¨¨à¨¾à¨ ਦ੠ਠੰਤਰਾਠਨà©à©° ਠੰਦਰà©à¨¨à© ਬਣਾà¨à¨£ ਦ੠à¨à©à¨¦à¨°à¨¤à© ਯà©à¨à¨¤à¨¾ ਨਾਲ ਲà©à¨¸ ਹà©à¥¤ ਹਿੰਦ੠ਸ਼ਬਦਾਠਦ੠à¨à©±à¨ ਹà©à¨° ਸਮà©à¨¹ &#8216;ਤ੠ਵਿà¨à¨¾à¨° à¨à¨°à©: <i>à¨à¨²à¨¾ </i>à¨à¨¾à¨ à¨à¨¾à¨²à¨¾ ਠਤ੠<i>ਤਾਲਾ </i>à¨à¨¾à¨ ਤਾਲਾ ਲà¨à¨¾à¨à¥¤ ਦà©à¨µà©à¨ ਵੱà¨-ਵੱਠਹਨ à¨à¨¿à¨à¨à¨à¨¿ k ਠਤ੠t ਵੱà¨-ਵੱਠਹਨ। k ਧà©à¨¨à© ਵà©à¨²à¨® ਦ੠ਵਰਤà©à¨ à¨à¨°à¨à© ਪà©à¨¦à¨¾ ਹà©à©°à¨¦à© ਹ੠ਠਤ੠t à¨à©±à¨ ਦੰਦਾਠਦ੠à¨à¨µà¨¾à¨à¨¼ ਹà©à¥¤ à¨à© à¨à¨¹ ਠੰਤਰ ਸਿà¨à¨¾à¨à¨ à¨à¨¾ ਸà¨à¨¦à¨¾ ਹà©?</p>
<p>ਬੱà¨à© ਵਿਠà¨à¨¤à©à¨à¨¤ ਮਹੱਤਵਪà©à¨°à¨¨ ਬà©à¨²à¨£ ਵਾਲà©à¨à¨ à¨à¨µà¨¾à¨à¨¼à¨¾à¨ ਨà©à©° ਵੱਠà¨à¨°à¨¨ ਨਾਲà©à¨ ਬਹà©à¨¤ à¨à©à¨ à¨à¨°à¨¦à© ਹਨ। à¨à¨¹ à¨à¨¹à¨¨à¨¾à¨ ਧà©à¨¨à¨¾à¨ ਨà©à©° à¨à©à©à¨¨ ਦ੠ਨਿਯਮਾਠਦ੠à¨à©à¨ à¨à¨°à¨¦à© ਹਨ। à¨à©à¨ ਵ੠à¨à¨¾à¨¸à¨¼à¨¾ ਬà©à¨¤à¨°à¨¤à©à¨¬ ਸੰਯà©à¨à¨¨ ਦ੠à¨à¨à¨¾à¨à¨¼à¨¤ ਨਹà©à¨ ਦਿੰਦà©à¥¤ à¨à¨¦à¨¾à¨¹à¨°à¨¨ ਲà¨, ਠੰà¨à¨°à©à¨à¨¼à© à¨à¨¾à¨ ਹਿੰਦ੠ਵਿੱà¨, à¨à¨¹ ਧà©à¨¨à© à¨à¨¿à¨¸ ਨਾਲ ਸ਼ਬਦ &#8216;ਬਾਦਸ਼ਾਹ&#8217; ਠਤ੠&#8216;ਰਿੰà¨&#8217; ਦਾ ਠੰਤ ਹà©à©°à¨¦à¨¾ ਹà©, à¨à¨¿à¨¸à© ਸ਼ਬਦ ਦ੠ਸ਼à©à¨°à© ਵਿੱਠਦਿà¨à¨¾à¨ ਨਹà©à¨ ਦਿੰਦਾ। à¨à¨¸à© ਤਰà©à¨¹à¨¾à¨ ਹਿੰਦà©, ਠੰà¨à¨°à©à¨à¨¼à© ਠਤ੠à¨à¨¼à¨¿à¨à¨¦à¨¾à¨¤à¨° à¨à¨¾à¨°à¨¤à© à¨à¨¾à¨¸à¨¼à¨¾à¨µà¨¾à¨ à¨à©±à¨ ਸ਼ਬਦ ਦ੠ਸ਼à©à¨°à© ਵਿੱਠਤਿੰਨ ਤà©à¨ ਵੱਧ ਵਿਠੰà¨à¨¨ ਧà©à¨¨à©à¨à¨ (ਠੱà¨à¨° ਨਹà©à¨) ਨਹà©à¨ à¨à¨à¨£ ਦਿੰਦà©à¨à¨à¥¤ ਨà©à¨ à¨à¨°à© à¨à¨¿ &#8216;à¨à©±à¨à¨°&#8217; ਠਤ੠&#8216;ਮਨà©à¨µà¨¿à¨à¨¿à¨à¨¨&#8217; ਵਰà¨à© ਸ਼ਬਦਾਠਦ੠ਬਹà©à¨¤ ਸਾਰ੠ਵਿਠੰà¨à¨¨ ਹਨ <i>ਪੱਤਰ </i>à¨à©±à¨ ਸ਼ਬਦ ਦ੠ਸ਼à©à¨°à© ਵਿੱਠਪਰ ਸਿਰਫ਼ <b>à¨à©±à¨ </b>ਪà¨à¨µà¨¾à¨¨ ਦ੠<i>à¨à¨µà¨¾à¨à¨¼ </i>à¨à©±à¨¥à©. à¨à¨¹à¨¨à¨¾à¨ ਨà©à©° à¨à¨¸ ਤਰà©à¨¹à¨¾à¨ ਲਿà¨à¨¿à¨ à¨à¨¾ ਸà¨à¨¦à¨¾ ਹà©: sacle ਠਤ੠sacleology. </p>
<p>ਠਸਲ ਵਿੱà¨, à¨à©±à¨ ਸ਼ਬਦ ਦ੠ਸ਼à©à¨°à© ਵਿੱਠਤਿੰਨ-ਵਿਠੰà¨à¨¨ ਧà©à¨¨à©à¨à¨ ਦਾ ਨਿਯਮ ਬਹà©à¨¤ à¨à¨¼à¨¿à¨à¨¦à¨¾ ਮੰਠਹà©à¥¤ ਪਹਿਲ੠ਵਿਠੰà¨à¨¨ ਧà©à¨¨à© ਸਿਰਫ਼ ‘ਸ’ ਹ੠ਸà¨à¨¦à© ਹà©, ਦà©à¨à© ਸਿਰਫ਼ ‘ਪ, ਤ à¨à¨¾à¨ ਒ ਹ੠ਸà¨à¨¦à© ਹ੠ਠਤ੠ਤà©à¨à© ਸਿਰਫ਼ ‘ਸਪਰà©, à¨à¨¿à©±à¨à¨¾, à¨à¨²à©, ਪà©à¨, ਸà¨à©à¨à¨¸à¨¼’ à¨à¨¦à¨¿ ਸ਼ਬਦਾਠਵਿੱਠਸਿਰਫ਼ ‘ਯ, ਰ, ਲ à¨à¨¾à¨ ਡਬਲਯ੒ ਹ੠ਸà¨à¨¦à© ਹà©, à¨à¨¿à¨à¨à¨à¨¿ à¨à¨²à©±à¨¸à¨à¨° ਬਹà©à¨¤ ਦà©à¨°à¨²à©±à¨ ਹਨ, à¨à¨¸ ਲਠਹà©à¨°à¨¾à¨¨à© ਨਹà©à¨ ਹà©à¨£à© à¨à¨¾à¨¹à©à¨¦à© à¨à¨¿ ਪੰà¨à¨¾à¨¬ ਵਿੱਠ‘ਸà¨à©à¨²’ ਠਤ੠ਠà¨à¨¸à¨° ‘ਬਿਠà¨à©à¨²’, ‘à¨à¨ªà¨à©à¨²’ ਸਮà¨à¨¿à¨ à¨à¨¾à¨à¨¦à¨¾ ਹà©à¥¤ ਹਰਿà¨à¨£à© ਵਿੱਠ&#8216;ਸà¨à©à¨¸à¨¼à¨¨&#8217; ਠà¨à¨¸à¨° &#8216;ਸà¨à©à¨¸à¨¼à¨¨&#8217; &#8216;ਤ੠à¨à¨¤à¨® ਹà©à©°à¨¦à¨¾ ਹà©à¥¤ ਪਰ ਦà©à¨¨à©à¨ à¨à¨° ਦ੠ਪà©à©à¨¹à© ਲਿà¨à© ਬà©à¨²à¨¾à¨°à¨¿à¨à¨ ਨà©à©° ਠà¨à¨¿à¨¹à© à¨à©à¨ ਸਮੱਸਿਠਨਹà©à¨ ਹà©à¥¤</p>
<p>à¨à¨¾à¨¸à¨¼à¨¾ ਨà©à©° à¨à©à¨°à¨¹à¨¿à¨£ à¨à¨°à¨¨ ਦ੠ਯà©à¨à¨¤à¨¾ ਸ਼ਬਦਾਠਠਤ੠à¨à¨µà¨¾à¨à¨¼à¨¾à¨ ਦ੠ਪੱਧਰ &#8216;ਤ੠ਤà©à¨²à¨¨à¨¾à¨¤à¨®à¨ ਹà©à¥¤ ਫਿਰ ਠਸà©à¨ ਵਿਦਿà¨à¨°à¨¥à©à¨à¨ ਨà©à©° à¨à¨¸à© ਵਸਤ੠ਦà©à¨à¨ ਤਸਵà©à¨°à¨¾à¨ ਨਾਲ &#8216;à¨à¨ªà¨²&#8217; ਲਠ&#8216;à¨&#8217; ਠਤ੠&#8216;ਬà©à¨&#8217; ਲਠ&#8216;ਬà©à¨&#8217; à¨à¨¦à¨¿ ਦ੠ਬà©à¨°à¨¿à©°à¨ ਠਤ੠ਤਰà¨à¨¹à©à¨£ à¨à¨¸à¨°à¨¤ à¨à¨¿à¨à¨ à¨à¨°à¨¾à¨à¨à¥¤ à¨à©±à¨¥à©à¨ ਤੱਠà¨à¨¿ ‘à¨à¨ªà¨²’ ਦ੠ਮਾਮਲ੠ਵਿੱਠà¨à© à¨à©à¨ ਵਾਪਰ ਰਿਹਾ ਹà©, à¨à¨¹ ਹà©à¨°à¨¾à¨¨à©à¨à¨¨à¨ ਹ੠ਠਤ੠à¨à¨¿à¨¸à© ਠਧਿà¨à¨ªà¨ ਨ੠à¨à¨¸ à¨à¨à¨¨à¨¾ ਵੱਲ ਧਿà¨à¨¨ ਨਹà©à¨ ਦਿੱਤਾ ਹà©à¨µà©à¨à¨¾à¥¤ ਪਹਿਲਾà¨, &#8216;à¨&#8217; ਸਿਰਫ਼ &#8216;à¨à¨ªà¨²&#8217; ਲਠà¨à©à©à¨¹à¨¾ ਨਹà©à¨ ਹà©à©°à¨¦à¨¾; à¨à¨¸ ਦ੠ਵੱà¨à©-ਵੱà¨à¨°à© ਸਮà©à¨à¨°à¨¨ ਹਨ, à¨à¨¿à¨µà©à¨, &#8216;ਦà©à¨¬à¨¾à¨°à¨¾, ਹà©à¨°à¨¾à¨¨ à¨à¨°à¨¨à¨¾, ਹà©à¨°à¨¾à¨¨ à¨à¨°à¨¨à¨¾, ਹà©à¨°à¨¾à¨¨ à¨à¨°à¨¨à¨¾, à¨à¨¨à¨¾à¨® ਦà©à¨£à¨¾&#8217; à¨à¨¦à¨¿à¥¤ ਦà©à¨à¨¾, à¨à© ਠਧਿà¨à¨ªà¨ à¨à¨¦à© à¨à¨¸ ਤੱਥ &#8216;ਤ੠ਧਿà¨à¨¨ à¨à©à¨à¨¦à¨°à¨¤ à¨à¨°à¨¦à© ਹਨ à¨à¨¿ &#8216;ਸà©à¨¬&#8217; ਵਿਠ&#8216;-pp-&#8216; ਸਿਰਫ਼ à¨à¨ &#8216;p&#8217; ਹà©à¥¤ ਤà©à¨¸à¨°à¨¾, ਠੰਤਮ &#8216;à¨&#8217; ਬਿਲà¨à©à¨² ਨਹà©à¨ à¨à¨à¨¾à¨°à¨¿à¨ à¨à¨¾à¨£à¨¾ à¨à¨¾à¨¹à©à¨¦à¨¾ ਹà©, à¨à¨¿à¨µà©à¨ à¨à¨¿ &#8216;ਮà©à¨, ਮà©à¨, à¨à©à¨, ਫà©à¨&#8217; à¨à¨¦à¨¿ ਵਰà¨à© à¨à¨ ਸ਼ਬਦਾਠਨਾਲ ਹà©à©°à¨¦à¨¾ ਹà©à¥¤ ਸਿà¨à¨¿à¨à¨°à¨¥à© à¨à¨ªà¨£à© à¨à¨ª ਨà©à©° à¨à¨¹ à¨à¨¿à¨µà©à¨ ਸਮਠਸà¨à¨¦à© ਹਨ à¨à¨¿ ਠੰà¨à¨°à©à¨à¨¼à© ਵਿੱਠà¨à©±à¨ ਠੱà¨à¨° ਵਿੱਠਧà©à¨¨à© ਦ੠ਰà©à¨ª ਵਿੱਠà¨à¨ à¨à¨à¨à¨ªà©à©±à¨ ਹ੠ਸà¨à¨¦à© ਹਨ? </p>
<p>ਠੱà¨à¨° &#8216;e&#8217; ਦ੠ਮਾਮਲ੠&#8216;ਤ੠à¨à©à¨° à¨à¨°à©à¥¤ ਵਿਦਿà¨à¨°à¨¥à©à¨à¨ ਨà©à©° à¨à¨® ਤà©à¨° &#8216;ਤ੠&#8216;ਠੰਡà©&#8217; ਦ੠ਤਸਵà©à¨° ਦ੠ਨਾਲ &#8216;à¨&#8217; ਲਠ&#8216;à¨&#8217; ਸਿà¨à¨¾à¨à¨ à¨à¨¾à¨à¨¦à¨¾ ਹà©à¥¤ ‘ਠੱà¨à¨°’ ਸ਼ਬਦ ਵਿੱਠਹ੠‘਒ ਦ੠ਵਾਰ à¨à¨à¨à¨¦à¨¾ ਹà©à¥¤ ਪਰ à¨à© à¨à¨¹ à¨à¨¹à© ਮਹਿਸà©à¨¸ à¨à¨°à¨¦à¨¾ ਹà©? à¨à©à¨à¨° ਤà©à¨¸à©à¨ &#8216;ਠੱà¨, ਠੰਤ, ਸਾਬà¨à¨¾, à¨à©±à¨à©&#8217; à¨à¨¦à¨¿ ਵਰà¨à© ਸ਼ਬਦਾਠਦ੠ਸਮà©à¨¹ ਦ੠à¨à¨¾à¨à¨ à¨à¨°à©, ਤਾਠਤà©à¨¸à©à¨ ਮਹਿਸà©à¨¸ à¨à¨°à©à¨à© à¨à¨¿ ਠੱà¨à¨° &#8216;à¨&#8217; ਬਹà©à¨¤ ਸਾਰà©à¨à¨ ਵੱà¨à©-ਵੱà¨à¨°à©à¨à¨ à¨à¨µà¨¾à¨à¨¼à¨¾à¨ ਨà©à©° ਦਰਸਾà¨à¨à¨¦à¨¾ ਹ੠ਠਤ੠ਸਾਰ੠ਸਿà¨à¨¿à¨à¨°à¨¥à© ਬਿਨਾਠà¨à¨¿à¨¸à© ਸਪੱਸ਼ਠਸਿੱà¨à¨¿à¨ ਦ੠à¨à¨¸ ਵੰਨ-ਸà©à¨µà©°à¨¨à¨¤à¨¾ ਦ੠à¨à©à¨ à¨à¨°à¨¦à© ਹਨ।</p>
<p>à¨à¨¹ ਬਹà©à¨¤ ਵਿਸ਼ਵਾਸ ਨਾਲ ਹ੠à¨à¨¿ ਸਾਰ੠ਠਧਿà¨à¨ªà¨ à¨à¨¹à¨¿à¨£à¨à© à¨à¨¿ ਠੰà¨à¨°à©à¨à¨¼à© ਵਿੱਠਪੰਠਸਵਰ ਹਨ, ਠਰਥਾਤ &#8216;à¨, à¨, à¨à¨, à¨, ਯà©&#8217;। ਠਸà©à¨ à¨à¨¿à¨¸ à¨à¨¿à¨¸à¨® ਦ੠ਬਾਰ੠à¨à©±à¨² à¨à¨° ਰਹ੠ਹਾਠà¨à¨¸ &#8216;ਤ੠ਨਿਰà¨à¨° à¨à¨°à¨¦à¨¿à¨à¨, ਠੰà¨à¨°à©à¨à¨¼à© ਵਿੱਠ18 ਤà©à¨ 21 ਸਵਰ à¨à¨µà¨¾à¨à¨¼à¨¾à¨ ਹਨ। à¨à©à¨ ਵ੠à¨à¨¹ ਸà©à¨à¨¾à¨ ਨਹà©à¨ ਦ੠ਰਿਹਾ ਹ੠à¨à¨¿ ਠਧਿà¨à¨ªà¨à¨¾à¨ à¨à¨¾à¨ ਸਿà¨à¨¿à¨à¨°à¨¥à©à¨à¨ ਨà©à©° ਧà©à¨¨à© ਵਿà¨à¨¿à¨à¨¨ ਸਿà¨à¨¾à¨à¨ à¨à¨¾à¨£à¨¾ à¨à¨¾à¨¹à©à¨¦à¨¾ ਹà©à¥¤ à¨à©±à¨ ਸà©à¨à¨¾à¨ ਦ੠ਰਿਹਾ ਹ੠à¨à¨¿ à¨à© ਸਿà¨à¨¿à¨à¨°à¨¥à©à¨à¨ ਨà©à©° ਢà©à¨à¨µà©à¨ ਪਾਠਾਠਦਾ ਸਾਹਮਣਾ à¨à¨°à¨¨à¨¾ ਪà©à¨à¨¦à¨¾ ਹà©, ਤਾਠà¨à¨¹à¨¨à¨¾à¨ à¨à©à¨² ਧà©à¨¨à©à¨à¨ ਦ੠ਨਿਯਮਾਠਠਤ੠à¨à¨¹à¨¨à¨¾à¨ ਦ੠ਸੰà¨à¨¾à¨µà© ਸੰà¨à©à¨à¨¾à¨ ਨà©à©° à¨à¨ªà¨£à© à¨à¨ª ਸਮà¨à¨£ ਦ੠ਬà©à¨§à¨¾à¨¤à¨®à¨ ਸਮਰੱਥਾ ਹà©à©°à¨¦à© ਹà©à¥¤</p>
<p>ਲà©à¨à¨ ਸà©à¨µà¨¾à¨®à©à¨à¨¤ ਪà©à¨°à©à¨«à©à¨¸à¨° ਠਤ੠à¨à¨¾à¨¸à¨¼à¨¾ ਵਿà¨à¨¿à¨à¨¨ ਵਿà¨à¨¾à¨, ਦਿੱਲ੠ਯà©à¨¨à©à¨µà¨°à¨¸à¨¿à¨à© ਦਾ ਸਾਬà¨à¨¾ ਮà©à¨à© ਹà©à¥¤</p>
</div>
<div class="articleblock-container" id="arthardpv"></div>
<div class="update-publish-time article-published-time-end"></div>
<div class="comments-shares share-page flex print-hide" data-artid="70310652" data-title="Of sounds and scripts" data-url="https://www.thehindu.com/education/of-sounds-and-scripts/article70310652.ece">
<div class="left">
<div class="share">
<ul class="share-list bottom" style="display: none;">
<li class="copy-link" onclick="if (!window.__cfRLUnblockHandlers) return false; copytext('https://www.thehindu.com/education/of-sounds-and-scripts/article70310652.ece');" data-cf-modified-a686e52b0a4c05c7198ae081-="">
<p> ਲਿੰਠà¨à¨¾à¨ªà© à¨à¨°à© </p>
</li>
<li class="email">
<p> à¨à¨®à©à¨² </p>
</li>
<li class="facebook" onclick="if (!window.__cfRLUnblockHandlers) return false; openShareLink('https://www.facebook.com/sharer/sharer.php?u=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thehindu.com%2Feducation%2Fof-sounds-and-scripts%2Farticle70310652.ece&;t=Of%20sounds%20and%20scripts')" data-cf-modified-a686e52b0a4c05c7198ae081-="">
<p> ਫà©à¨¸à¨¬à©à©±à¨ </p>
</li>
<li class="twitter" onclick="if (!window.__cfRLUnblockHandlers) return false; openShareLink('https://twitter.com/intent/tweet?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thehindu.com%2Feducation%2Fof-sounds-and-scripts%2Farticle70310652.ece&;text=Of%20sounds%20and%20scripts')" data-cf-modified-a686e52b0a4c05c7198ae081-="">
<p> à¨à¨µà¨¿à©±à¨à¨° </p>
</li>
<li class="telegram" onclick="if (!window.__cfRLUnblockHandlers) return false; openShareLink('https://t.me/share/url?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thehindu.com%2Feducation%2Fof-sounds-and-scripts%2Farticle70310652.ece&;text=Of%20sounds%20and%20scripts')" data-cf-modified-a686e52b0a4c05c7198ae081-="">
<p> à¨à©à¨²à©à¨à©à¨°à¨¾à¨® </p>
</li>
<li class="in" onclick="if (!window.__cfRLUnblockHandlers) return false; openShareLink('https://www.linkedin.com/shareArticle?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thehindu.com%2Feducation%2Fof-sounds-and-scripts%2Farticle70310652.ece&;title=Of%20sounds%20and%20scripts')" data-cf-modified-a686e52b0a4c05c7198ae081-="">
<p> ਲਿੰà¨à¨¡à¨à¨¨ </p>
</li>
<li class="whatsapp" onclick="if (!window.__cfRLUnblockHandlers) return false; openShareLink('https://api.whatsapp.com//send?text=Of%20sounds%20and%20scripts%20-%20https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thehindu.com%2Feducation%2Fof-sounds-and-scripts%2Farticle70310652.ece')" data-cf-modified-a686e52b0a4c05c7198ae081-="">
<p> ਵà¨à¨¸à¨à¨ª</p>
</li>
<li class="reddit" onclick="if (!window.__cfRLUnblockHandlers) return false; openShareLink('https://reddit.com/submit?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thehindu.com%2Feducation%2Fof-sounds-and-scripts%2Farticle70310652.ece&;title=Of%20sounds%20and%20scripts')" data-cf-modified-a686e52b0a4c05c7198ae081-="">
<p> reddit </p>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
<div class="right">
<div class="read-later"><button class="btn read-later-btn" data-articleid="70310652" style="display:none" data-ga-labelclick="ReadLater"><span>ਬਾਠਦ ਵਿੱਠਪà©à©à¨¹à©</span></button></p>
<div class="delete-tool-tip" style="display: none;">
<p> ਸਾਰ੠ਦà©à¨à©<br />
 <span class="delete bookmarkdelete"><br />
 ਹà¨à¨¾à¨à¨£à¨¾<br />
 </span></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="spliter pt-0 mb-0 print-hide"></div>
<div class="article-ad two-side text-ad print-hide">
<div class="ad-text" id="artproduct2" style="display: none;"></div>
</div>
<p><script data-cfasync="false">var totalPcount = document.querySelectorAll(".articlebodycontent>.schemaDiv>p")
if(totalPcount.length > 1)
 insertElementEnd(totalPcount[1],createElementScript("div","","artmeterpv"))
else
 insertElementbegin(document.querySelector(".articlebodycontent .schemaDiv"),createElementScript("div","","artmeterpv"))
</script></p>
<div class="d-none d-lg-block d-xl-block"><script data-cfasync="false">
 totalPcount = totalPcount || [];if (isDeviceEnabled("large")) var container = document.createElement("div");
 container.className = "article-ad";container.appendChild(createElementScript("div", "dfp-ad articleinlinead", "Desktop_AT_Mid01", minHeight: '90px'));
 insertElementEnd(totalPcount[1 - 1], container)
 </script><!-- Begin DFP : /22390678/TH_Desktop_AT_Mid01, publisher: The Hindu --><script data-cfasync="false">userIdentify.then(function() 
 if(isDeviceEnabled("large") && isNonSubcribedUser()) googletag.cmd.push(function() googletag.display('Desktop_AT_Mid01'););
 );</script><!-- End DFP : /22390678/TH_Desktop_AT_Mid01, publisher: The Hindu --><script data-cfasync="false">
 totalPcount = totalPcount || [];if (isDeviceEnabled("large")) var container = document.createElement("div");
 container.className = "article-ad";container.appendChild(createElementScript("div", "dfp-ad articleinlinead", "Desktop_Inarticle_1x1", minHeight: '250px'));
 insertElementEnd(totalPcount[3 - 1], container)
 </script><!-- Begin DFP : /22390678/Hindu_Desktop_Inarticle_1x1, publisher: The Hindu --><script data-cfasync="false">userIdentify.then(function() 
 if(isDeviceEnabled("large") && isNonSubcribedUser()) googletag.cmd.push(function() googletag.display('Desktop_Inarticle_1x1'););
 );</script><!-- End DFP : /22390678/Hindu_Desktop_Inarticle_1x1, publisher: The Hindu --><script data-cfasync="false">
 totalPcount = totalPcount || [];if (totalPcount.length > 0 && isDeviceEnabled("large") && Number.isInteger(6) && totalPcount.length >= (5 + 3)) var container = document.createElement("div");
 container.className = "article-ad";container.appendChild(createElementScript("div", "dfp-ad articleinlinead", "Desktop_AT_Mid02", minHeight: '90px'));
 insertElementEnd(totalPcount[6 - 1], container)
 </script><!-- Begin DFP : /22390678/TH_Desktop_AT_Mid02, publisher: The Hindu --><script data-cfasync="false">if (totalPcount.length > 0 && Number.isInteger(6) && totalPcount.length >= (5 + 3)) if (isDeviceEnabled("large")) googletag.cmd.push(function() 
 googletag.defineSlot('/22390678/TH_Desktop_AT_Mid02', [728, 90], 'Desktop_AT_Mid02').addService(googletag.pubads());
 );
 userIdentify.then(function() 
 if (isDeviceEnabled("large") && isNonSubcribedUser() && totalPcount.length > 0 && Number.isInteger(6) && totalPcount.length >= (5 + 3)) googletag.cmd.push(function() googletag.display('Desktop_AT_Mid02'););
 );</script><!-- End DFP : /22390678/TH_Desktop_AT_Mid02, publisher: The Hindu --><script data-cfasync="false">
 totalPcount = totalPcount || [];if (totalPcount.length > 0 && isDeviceEnabled("large") && Number.isInteger(9) && totalPcount.length >= (8 + 3)) var container = document.createElement("div");
 container.className = "article-ad";container.appendChild(createElementScript("div", "dfp-ad articleinlinead", "Desktop_AT_Mid03", minHeight: '90px'));
 insertElementEnd(totalPcount[9 - 1], container)
 </script><!-- Begin DFP : /22390678/TH_Desktop_AT_Mid03, publisher: The Hindu --><script data-cfasync="false">if (totalPcount.length > 0 && Number.isInteger(9) && totalPcount.length >= (8 + 3)) if (isDeviceEnabled("large")) googletag.cmd.push(function() 
 googletag.defineSlot('/22390678/TH_Desktop_AT_Mid03', [728, 90], 'Desktop_AT_Mid03').addService(googletag.pubads());
 );
 userIdentify.then(function() 
 if (isDeviceEnabled("large") && isNonSubcribedUser() && totalPcount.length > 0 && Number.isInteger(9) && totalPcount.length >= (8 + 3)) googletag.cmd.push(function() googletag.display('Desktop_AT_Mid03'););
 );</script><!-- End DFP : /22390678/TH_Desktop_AT_Mid03, publisher: The Hindu --><script data-cfasync="false">
 totalPcount = totalPcount || [];if (totalPcount.length > 0 && isDeviceEnabled("large") && Number.isInteger(12) && totalPcount.length >= (11 + 3)) var container = document.createElement("div");
 container.className = "article-ad";container.appendChild(createElementScript("div", "dfp-ad articleinlinead", "Desktop_AT_Mid04", minHeight: '90px'));
 insertElementEnd(totalPcount[12 - 1], container)
 </script><!-- Begin DFP : /22390678/TH_Desktop_AT_Mid04, publisher: The Hindu --><script data-cfasync="false">if (totalPcount.length > 0 && Number.isInteger(12) && totalPcount.length >= (11 + 3)) if (isDeviceEnabled("large")) googletag.cmd.push(function() 
 googletag.defineSlot('/22390678/TH_Desktop_AT_Mid04', [728, 90], 'Desktop_AT_Mid04').addService(googletag.pubads());
 );
 userIdentify.then(function() 
 if (isDeviceEnabled("large") && isNonSubcribedUser() && totalPcount.length > 0 && Number.isInteger(12) && totalPcount.length >= (11 + 3)) googletag.cmd.push(function() googletag.display('Desktop_AT_Mid04'););
 );</script><!-- End DFP : /22390678/TH_Desktop_AT_Mid04, publisher: The Hindu --><script data-cfasync="false">
 totalPcount = totalPcount || [];if (totalPcount.length > 0 && isDeviceEnabled("large") && Number.isInteger(15) && totalPcount.length >= (14 + 3)) var container = document.createElement("div");
 container.className = "article-ad";container.appendChild(createElementScript("div", "dfp-ad articleinlinead", "Desktop_AT_Mid05", minHeight: '90px'));
 insertElementEnd(totalPcount[15 - 1], container)
 </script><!-- Begin DFP : /22390678/TH_Desktop_AT_Mid05, publisher: The Hindu --><script data-cfasync="false">if (totalPcount.length > 0 && Number.isInteger(15) && totalPcount.length >= (14 + 3)) if (isDeviceEnabled("large")) googletag.cmd.push(function() 
 googletag.defineSlot('/22390678/TH_Desktop_AT_Mid05', [728, 90], 'Desktop_AT_Mid05').addService(googletag.pubads());
 );
 userIdentify.then(function() 
 if (isDeviceEnabled("large") && isNonSubcribedUser() && totalPcount.length > 0 && Number.isInteger(15) && totalPcount.length >= (14 + 3)) googletag.cmd.push(function() googletag.display('Desktop_AT_Mid05'););
 );</script><!-- End DFP : /22390678/TH_Desktop_AT_Mid05, publisher: The Hindu --></div>
<div class="d-block d-sm-none "><script data-cfasync="false">
 totalPcount = totalPcount || [];if (isDeviceEnabled("small")) var container = document.createElement("div");
 container.className = "article-ad";container.appendChild(createElementScript("div", "dfp-ad articleinlinead", "MWeb_AT_Middle01", minHeight: '280px'));
 insertElementEnd(totalPcount[1 - 1], container)
 </script><!-- Begin DFP : /22390678/TH_MWeb_AT_Middle01, publisher: The Hindu --><script data-cfasync="false">userIdentify.then(function() 
 if(isDeviceEnabled("small") && isNonSubcribedUser()) googletag.cmd.push(function() googletag.display('MWeb_AT_Middle01'););
 );</script><!-- End DFP : /22390678/TH_MWeb_AT_Middle01, publisher: The Hindu --><script data-cfasync="false">
 totalPcount = totalPcount || [];if (isDeviceEnabled("small")) var container = document.createElement("div");
 container.className = "article-ad";container.appendChild(createElementScript("div", "dfp-ad ", "Mweb_AT_Bottom01", minHeight: '280px'));
 insertElementEnd(totalPcount[3 - 1], container)
 </script><!-- Begin DFP : /22390678/TH_Mweb_AT_Bottom01, publisher: The Hindu --><script data-cfasync="false">userIdentify.then(function() 
 if(isDeviceEnabled("small") && isNonSubcribedUser()) googletag.cmd.push(function() googletag.display('Mweb_AT_Bottom01'););
 );</script><!-- End DFP : /22390678/TH_Mweb_AT_Bottom01, publisher: The Hindu --><script data-cfasync="false">
 totalPcount = totalPcount || [];if (totalPcount.length > 0 && isDeviceEnabled("small") && Number.isInteger(6) && totalPcount.length >= (5 + 3)) var container = document.createElement("div");
 container.className = "article-ad";container.appendChild(createElementScript("div", "dfp-ad articleinlinead", "MWeb_AT_Middle02", minHeight: '280px'));
 insertElementEnd(totalPcount[6 - 1], container)
 </script><!-- Begin DFP : /22390678/TH_MWeb_AT_Middle02, publisher: The Hindu --><script data-cfasync="false">if (totalPcount.length > 0 && Number.isInteger(6) && totalPcount.length >= (5 + 3)) if (isDeviceEnabled("small")) googletag.cmd.push(function() 
 googletag.defineSlot('/22390678/TH_MWeb_AT_Middle02', [[300,250],[336,280],[200,200],[250,250]], 'MWeb_AT_Middle02').addService(googletag.pubads());
 );
 userIdentify.then(function() 
 if (isDeviceEnabled("small") && isNonSubcribedUser() && totalPcount.length > 0 && Number.isInteger(6) && totalPcount.length >= (5 + 3)) googletag.cmd.push(function() googletag.display('MWeb_AT_Middle02'););
 );</script><!-- End DFP : /22390678/TH_MWeb_AT_Middle02, publisher: The Hindu --><script data-cfasync="false">
 totalPcount = totalPcount || [];if (totalPcount.length > 0 && isDeviceEnabled("small") && Number.isInteger(9) && totalPcount.length >= (8 + 3)) var container = document.createElement("div");
 container.className = "article-ad";container.appendChild(createElementScript("div", "dfp-ad articleinlinead", "MWeb_AT_Middle03", minHeight: '280px'));
 insertElementEnd(totalPcount[9 - 1], container)
 </script><!-- Begin DFP : /22390678/TH_MWeb_AT_Middle03, publisher: The Hindu --><script data-cfasync="false">if (totalPcount.length > 0 && Number.isInteger(9) && totalPcount.length >= (8 + 3)) if (isDeviceEnabled("small")) googletag.cmd.push(function() 
 googletag.defineSlot('/22390678/TH_MWeb_AT_Middle03', [[300,250],[336,280],[200,200],[250,250]], 'MWeb_AT_Middle03').addService(googletag.pubads());
 );
 userIdentify.then(function() 
 if (isDeviceEnabled("small") && isNonSubcribedUser() && totalPcount.length > 0 && Number.isInteger(9) && totalPcount.length >= (8 + 3)) googletag.cmd.push(function() googletag.display('MWeb_AT_Middle03'););
 );</script><!-- End DFP : /22390678/TH_MWeb_AT_Middle03, publisher: The Hindu --><script data-cfasync="false">
 totalPcount = totalPcount || [];if (totalPcount.length > 0 && isDeviceEnabled("small") && Number.isInteger(12) && totalPcount.length >= (11 + 3)) var container = document.createElement("div");
 container.className = "article-ad";container.appendChild(createElementScript("div", "dfp-ad articleinlinead", "MWeb_AT_Middle04", minHeight: '280px'));
 insertElementEnd(totalPcount[12 - 1], container)
 </script><!-- Begin DFP : /22390678/TH_MWeb_AT_Middle04, publisher: The Hindu --><script data-cfasync="false">if (totalPcount.length > 0 && Number.isInteger(12) && totalPcount.length >= (11 + 3)) if (isDeviceEnabled("small")) googletag.cmd.push(function() 
 googletag.defineSlot('/22390678/TH_MWeb_AT_Middle04', [[300,250],[336,280],[200,200],[250,250]], 'MWeb_AT_Middle04').addService(googletag.pubads());
 );
 userIdentify.then(function() 
 if (isDeviceEnabled("small") && isNonSubcribedUser() && totalPcount.length > 0 && Number.isInteger(12) && totalPcount.length >= (11 + 3)) googletag.cmd.push(function() googletag.display('MWeb_AT_Middle04'););
 );</script><!-- End DFP : /22390678/TH_MWeb_AT_Middle04, publisher: The Hindu --><script data-cfasync="false">
 totalPcount = totalPcount || [];if (totalPcount.length > 0 && isDeviceEnabled("small") && Number.isInteger(15) && totalPcount.length >= (14 + 3)) var container = document.createElement("div");
 container.className = "article-ad";container.appendChild(createElementScript("div", "dfp-ad articleinlinead", "MWeb_AT_Middle05", minHeight: '280px'));
 insertElementEnd(totalPcount[15 - 1], container)
 </script><!-- Begin DFP : /22390678/TH_MWeb_AT_Middle05, publisher: The Hindu --><script data-cfasync="false">if (totalPcount.length > 0 && Number.isInteger(15) && totalPcount.length >= (14 + 3)) if (isDeviceEnabled("small")) googletag.cmd.push(function() 
 googletag.defineSlot('/22390678/TH_MWeb_AT_Middle05', [[300,250],[336,280],[200,200],[250,250]], 'MWeb_AT_Middle05').addService(googletag.pubads());
 );
 userIdentify.then(function() 
 if (isDeviceEnabled("small") && isNonSubcribedUser() && totalPcount.length > 0 && Number.isInteger(15) && totalPcount.length >= (14 + 3)) googletag.cmd.push(function() googletag.display('MWeb_AT_Middle05'););
 );</script><!-- End DFP : /22390678/TH_MWeb_AT_Middle05, publisher: The Hindu --></div>
</div>
<p><script async src="https://platform.twitter.com/widgets.js" charset="utf-8"></script></p>

ਆਵਾਜ਼ਾਂ ਅਤੇ ਸਕ੍ਰਿਪਟਾਂ ਦਾ

