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<p>									à¨à¨¨à¨¤à¨ ਸਿਹਤ &#8211; 1896 ਤà©à¨ ਬੰਬ੠ਪਲà©à¨ ਤà©à¨ ਸਮà¨</p></div>
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<h4 class="sub_head">à¨à¨¨à¨¤à¨ ਸਿਹਤ à¨à© ਹà©?</h4>
<p>à¨à¨¨à¨¤à¨ ਸਿਹਤ à¨à¨¾à¨à¨à¨¾à¨°à¨¿à¨à¨ ਨà©à©° ਸਿਹਤਮੰਦ ਠਤ੠ਬਿਮਾਰ੠ਮà©à¨à¨¤ ਰੱà¨à¨£ ਲਠà¨à©±à¨ ਵਿà¨à¨¿à¨à¨¨ ਹà©. à¨à¨¹ à¨à¨ ਠà¨à¨¿à¨¹à¨¾ à¨à©à¨¤à¨° ਹ੠à¨à¨¿à¨¸ ਵਿਠਮà©à¨¡à©à¨à¨², à¨à©°à¨à©à¨¨à©à¨ ਰਿੰà¨, ਸਮਾà¨à¨¿à¨ ਵਿà¨à¨¿à¨à¨¨, ਸà©à¨à¨¨à¨¾ ਤà¨à¨¨à¨¾à¨²à©à¨à©, ਸੰà¨à¨¾à¨°, à¨à¨¾à¨¨à©à©°à¨¨, à¨à¨°à¨¥à¨¿à¨à¨¤à¨¾ ਠਤ੠à¨à©±à¨¥à©à¨ ਤਠà¨à¨¿ ਰਾà¨à¨¨à©à¨¤à© ਦ੠ਮਾਹਰ ਸ਼ਾਮਲ ਹਨ. ਪਬਲਿਠਹà©à¨²à¨¥ à¨à©à¨ ਰ ਪਬਲਿਠਹà©à¨²à¨¥ à¨à©à¨ ਰ, ਵਾਤਾਵਰਣ ਦ੠ਸਫਾà¨, ਰà©à¨ ਨਿਯੰਤਰਣ, ਸਿਹਤ ਨਿਯੰਤਰਣ ਠਤ੠ਨà©à¨¤à©à¨à¨¤ ਨਿਰਧਾਰਤ, ਨਿੱà¨à© ਮà©à¨¡à©à¨à¨² ਦà©à¨à¨à¨¾à¨² ਤà©à¨ ਪਰ੠ਸੰà¨à¨¾à¨²à¨¿à¨¤ ਸਿਹਤ ਨਿਰਪੱà¨à¨¤à¨¾. à¨à¨¸ ਵਿੱਠà¨à¨®à¨¿ community ਨਿà¨à© ਸਿਹਤ, ਪà©à¨¸à¨¼à©à¨µà¨° ਸà©à¨°à©±à¨à¨¿à¨, ਵਿਵਹਾਰ ਸਿਹਤ ਠਤ੠ਸਿਹਤ ਨà©à¨¤à© ਸ਼ਾਮਲ ਹà©. </p>
<p>ਪà©à¨°à¨¾à¨à©à¨¨ ਸà¨à¨¾à¨µà¨¾à¨ ਬਿਮਾਰ੠ਨà©à©° ਰà©à¨à¨£ ਲਠਸਫਾਠਦ੠à¨à¨¼à¨°à©à¨°à¨¤ ਨà©à©° ਸਮà¨à¨¦à©à¨à¨ ਹਨ. ਸਿੰਧ à¨à¨¾à¨à© ਦ੠ਸà¨à¨¿à¨ ਤਾ ਦ੠ਵਿਸਤà©à¨°à¨¿à¨¤ ਡਰà©à¨¨à©à¨ ਪà©à¨°à¨£à¨¾à¨²à© ਸà©, à¨à¨¿à¨¸ ਵਿਠਮ੠exp ਲ ਪਬਲਿਠਸਿਹਤ à¨à¨¾à¨à¨°à©à¨à¨¤à¨¾ ਦਾ ਪà©à¨°à¨¦à¨°à¨¸à¨¼à¨¨ à¨à¨° ਰਿਹਾ ਸà©. ਰà©à¨®à¨¨ ਸਾਮਰਾà¨, à¨à¨¨à¨¤à¨ ਸਫਾਠਬਾਰ੠à¨à¨ªà¨£à© ਸਮà¨, ਨ੠ਸà©à¨à¨µà¨¾à¨¨ ਸਰà©à¨¤à¨¾à¨, à¨à¨¸à¨¼à¨¨à¨¾à¨¨ ਠਤ੠ਡਰà©à¨¨à©à¨ ਪà©à¨°à¨£à¨¾à¨²à©à¨à¨ ਨà©à©° ਬਣਾà¨à¨. ਹਾਲਾà¨à¨à¨¿, 18 ਵà©à¨ ਸਦ੠ਦ੠ਠੰਤ ਵਿੱਠà¨à¨§à©à¨¨à¨¿à¨ à¨à¨¨à¨¤à¨ ਸਿਹਤ ਠਸਲ ਵਿੱਠਸਨਠਤà©à¨à¨°à¨¨ ਨਾਲ ਠਰੰਠਹà©à¨ ਸà©. à¨à¨¿à¨µà©à¨ à¨à¨¿ ਸ਼ਹਿਰ à¨à©à© ਠਤ੠ਠਸਮਾਨ ਹ੠à¨à¨ à¨à¨¿à¨µà©à¨ à¨à¨¿ à¨à©à¨¦à©à¨°à¨¾ ਠਤ੠à¨à©à¨¬à¨°à¨à©à¨²à©à¨à©à¨¸ ਵਰà¨à© ਰà©à¨ ਵਿà¨à¨ªà¨ ਤà©à¨° ਤ੠ਫà©à¨² à¨à¨, à¨à¨¿à¨¸ ਨ੠ਠਧਿà¨à¨¾à¨°à©à¨à¨ ਨà©à©° à¨à©°à¨® à¨à¨°à¨¨ ਲਠਮà¨à¨¬à©à¨° à¨à©à¨¤à¨¾. ਯà©à¨à© ਦ੠ਮਹੱਤਵਪà©à¨°à¨¨ à¨à¨¨à¨¤à¨ ਸਿਹਤ à¨à¨à¨ ਨ੠1848 ਦ੠1848 ਦ੠ਸਰà¨à¨¾à¨°à© ਨà©à¨¤à© ਰਾਹà©à¨ ਬਿਮਾਰ੠ਨà©à©° à¨à¨¾à¨¬à© à¨à¨°à¨¨ ਦ੠ਪਹਿਲ੠ਸੰà¨à¨ ਿਤ à¨à©à¨¸à¨¼à¨¿à¨¸à¨¼ à¨à©à¨¤à©. à¨à¨¹ ਦà©à¨¨à©à¨ à¨à¨° ਵਿੱਠਸਵੱà¨à¨¤à¨¾ ਠਤ੠ਰà©à¨à¨¥à¨¾à¨® ਵਾਲ੠ਦà©à¨à¨à¨¾à¨² ਵਿੱਠà¨à¨µà¨¿à©±à¨ ਦ੠ਵਿà¨à¨¾à¨¸ ਲਠਪਲà©à¨à¨«à¨¾à¨°à¨® ਨਿਰਧਾਰਤ à¨à¨°à¨¦à¨¾ ਹà©.</p>
<p>ਸ਼à©à¨°à© ਵਿà¨, à¨à¨¨à¨¤à¨ ਸਿਹਤ ਦ੠ਸਫਾà¨, ਸਿà¨à¨à©à¨¨ ਠਤ੠ਤਬਦà©à¨²à© ਨਿਯੰਤਰਣ ਦ੠ਦà©à¨à¨²à© à¨à©à©°à¨®à¨¦à© ਹ੠&#8211; 1800 ਦ੠ਮਹਾਨ ਸà©à¨¨à©à¨à¨°à© à¨à©±à¨²à© &#8216;ਤ੠ਵੱਡà©à¨à¨ à¨à¨¿à©°à¨¤à¨¾à¨µà¨¾à¨ ਨà©à©° ਦਰਸਾà¨à¨à¨¦à© ਹà©. ਸਮà©à¨ ਦ੠ਨਾਲ, ਹਾਲਾà¨à¨à¨¿, à¨à¨¨à¨¤à¨ ਸਿਹਤ ਨà©à©° ਨਾà¨à¨à© shacted ੰਠਨਾਲ ਵਧਾà¨à¨ à¨à¨¿à¨ ਹà©. à¨à¨¸ ਵà©à¨²à© à¨à¨¨à¨¤à¨ ਸਿਹਤ ਵਿੱਠà¨à©à¨°-ਸੰà¨à¨¾à¨°à© ਬਿਮਾਰà©à¨à¨, ਪà©à¨¸à¨¼à¨£, ਪà©à¨¸à¨¼à©à¨µà¨° ਸਿਹਤ, ਸ਼à©à¨®à© ਠਤ੠ਹਾਠਬਲੱਡ ਪà©à¨°à©à¨¸à¨¼à¨°, ਤਾà¨à¨¼à¨¾ à¨à©à¨£à©à¨¤à©: ਤਾà¨à¨¼à¨¾ à¨à©à¨£à©à¨¤à©: ਤਾà¨à¨¼à¨¾ à¨à©à¨£à©à¨¤à©: ਤਾà¨à¨¼à¨¾ à¨à©à¨£à©à¨¤à©: ਤਾà¨à¨¼à¨¾ à¨à©à¨£à©à¨¤à©: ਤਾà¨à¨¼à¨¾ à¨à©à¨£à©à¨¤à©: ਤਾà¨à¨¼à¨¾ à¨à©à¨£à©à¨¤à©: ਤਾà¨à¨¼à¨¾ à¨à©à¨£à©à¨¤à©: ਤਾà¨à¨¼à¨¾ à¨à©à¨£à©à¨¤à©: ਤਾà¨à¨¼à¨¾ à¨à©à¨£à©à¨¤à©. à¨à¨¨à©à¨¹à¨¾à¨ ਨਿਰਧਾਰà¨à¨¾à¨ ਵਿੱਠਹਾਨà©à¨à¨¾à¨°à¨ à¨à¨¤à¨ªà¨¾à¨¦à¨¾à¨ à¨à¨¿à¨µà©à¨ ਤੰਬਾà¨à©, ਸ਼ਰਾਬ ਠਤ੠à¨à©à¨°-ਸਿਹਤਮੰਦ à¨à©à¨à¨¨, ਹਾਨà©à¨à¨¾à¨°à¨ à¨à¨¤à¨ªà¨¾à¨¦à¨¾à¨ ਦ੠ਹਮਲਾਵਰ ਮਾਰà¨à©à¨à¨¿à©°à¨ ਸ਼ਾਮਲ ਹà©à©°à¨¦à© ਹà©, à¨à© à¨à¨¬à¨¾à¨¦à© ਦ੠ਪੱਧਰ &#8216;ਤ੠ਸਿਹਤ ਨà©à©° ਪà©à¨°à¨à¨¾à¨µà¨¤ à¨à¨°à¨¦à© ਹà©.</p>
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<p>ਵਿਸ਼ਵਵਿà¨à¨ªà©, à¨à¨¨à¨¤à¨ ਸਿਹਤ ਦ੠à¨à¨¼à¨¿à©°à¨®à©à¨µà¨¾à¨°à© ਬਹà©à¨¤ ਬਦਲਦ੠ਹà©, ਹਰà©à¨ ਦà©à¨¸à¨¼ ਲਠਵਿਲੱà¨à¨£ à¨à¨¤à¨¿à¨¹à¨¾à¨¸à¨ ਠਤ੠ਪà©à¨°à¨¸à¨¼à¨¾à¨¸à¨à© structures ਾà¨à¨à¨¿à¨à¨ ਦà©à¨à¨°à¨¾ à¨à¨à¨¾à¨° ਦਿੱਤ੠à¨à¨¾à¨à¨¦à© ਹà©. à¨à¨¾à¨°à¨¤ à¨à¨¸ ਦ੠ਬà©à¨°à¨¿à¨à¨¿à¨¸à¨¼ ਬਸਤà©à¨µà¨¾à¨¦à© ਠਤà©à¨¤ ਤà©à¨ ਪà©à¨°à¨à¨¾à¨µà¨¿à¨¤ ਤà©à¨° &#8216;ਤ੠à¨à¨¨à¨¤à¨ ਸਿਹਤ à¨à¨¼à¨¿à©°à¨®à©à¨µà¨¾à¨°à©à¨à¨ ਪà©à¨°à¨¤à© ਸà©à¨à¨ªà¨¿à¨ à¨à¨¿à¨ ਹà©, à¨à¨¿à¨¸ ਦ੠ਫੰਡਿੰà¨, ਯà©à¨à¨¨à¨¾à¨¬à©°à¨¦à© ਠਤ੠ਦਿਸ਼ਾ ਨਿਰਦà©à¨¸à¨¼à¨¾à¨ ਦà©à¨à¨°à¨¾ à¨à©à¨à¨¦à¨°à© ਸਹਾà¨à¨¤à¨¾ ਹà©.</p>
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<p>									à¨à¨¨à¨¤à¨ ਸਿਹਤ à¨à¨à©±à¨²à© ਡਾà¨à¨à¨°à¨¾à¨ ਦà©à¨à¨°à¨¾ ਲà©à©à©à¨à¨¦à© ਨਹà©à¨ ਹà©à¨£à© à¨à¨¾à¨¹à©à¨¦à©</p></div>
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<p> à¨à¨¤à¨¿à¨¹à¨¾à¨¸à¨ ਤà©à¨° &#8216;ਤà©, ਬà©à¨°à¨¿à¨à¨¿à¨¸à¨¼ ਤà©à¨°&#8217; ਤ੠ਬà©à¨°à¨¿à¨à¨¿à¨¸à¨¼ ਸਿਹਤ ਦਾ ਨà¨à¨¼à¨°à©à¨, à¨à¨¾à¨°à¨¤, ਪਾà¨à¨¿à¨¸à¨¤à¨¾à¨¨ ਠਤ੠ਸ਼à©à¨°à© ਲੰà¨à¨¾, ਮà©à©±à¨ ਦਵਾਠਵਿਠਸਿà¨à¨²à¨¾à¨ ਦਿੱਤ੠ਮà©à¨¡à©à¨à¨² ਡਾà¨à¨à¨°à¨¾à¨ ਦà©à¨à¨°à¨¾ ਪà©à¨°à¨¬à©°à¨§à¨¿à¨¤ ਮà©à¨¡à©à¨°à©à¨ ਲ ਡਾà¨à¨à¨°à¨¾à¨ ਦà©à¨à¨°à¨¾ ਪà©à¨°à¨¬à©°à¨§à¨¿à¨¤ ਰà©à¨à¨¥à¨¾à¨® ਠਤ੠ਡਾà¨à¨à¨°à© ਠਨà©à¨¸à¨¼à¨¾à¨¸à¨¨. à¨à¨¸à¨¦à© à¨à¨²à¨, à¨à©à¨®à¨¾à¨ à¨à¨¿à¨µà©à¨ à¨à¨¿ ਸੰਯà©à¨à¨¤ ਰਾਠਠਮਰà©à¨à¨¾ ਦ੠à¨à¨¤à¨¿à¨¹à¨¾à¨¸à¨ ਲà©à¨à¨¼à¨¿à¨à¨ ਨਾਲ à¨à¨¤à¨¿à¨¹à¨¾à¨¸à¨ ਸਿਹਤ ਨਾਲ ਸੰਪਰਠà¨à¨°à¨¦à¨¾ ਹà©, ਸਫਾà¨, ਬà©à¨¨à¨¿à¨à¨¦à© of ਾà¨à¨à© ਦ੠ਵਿà¨à¨¾à¨¸ ਠਤ੠ਵਾਤਾਵਰਣ ਸਿਹਤ ਦà¨à¨²à¨ ੰਦਾà¨à¨¼à© &#8216;ਤ੠à¨à©°à¨à©à¨¨à©à¨ ਰਾਠਠਤ੠ਸਫਾਠਦ੠ਮਾਹਰਾਠਦà©à¨à¨°à¨¾ ਹà©à©°à¨¦à© ਹਨ. ਹਾਲਾà¨à¨à¨¿, ਠੱਠà¨à¨¸à¨¨à©à©° ਵਿà¨à¨ªà¨ ਰà©à¨ª ਵਿੱਠਸਵà©à¨à¨¾à¨°à¨¿à¨ à¨à¨¿à¨ ਹ੠à¨à¨¿ à¨à¨¨à¨¤à¨ ਸਿਹਤ à¨à©à¨¦à¨°à¨¤à© ਤà©à¨° ਤ੠ਬਹà©-ਵਿà¨à¨¿à¨à¨¨ ਹà©, à¨à¨¿à¨¸ ਵਿੱਠਸਮਾਠਵਿੱਠà¨à©à©°à¨à¨²à¨¦à¨¾à¨° ਸਿਹਤ à¨à©à¨£à©à¨¤à©à¨à¨ ਨà©à©° ਠਸਰਦਾਰ .ੰਠਨਾਲ</p>
<h4 class="sub_head">à¨à¨¾à¨°à¨¤ ਦਾ à¨à¨¨à¨¤à¨ ਸਿਹਤ structure ਾà¨à¨à¨¾</h4>
<p>à¨à¨¾à¨°à¨¤ ਦਾ à¨à¨¨à¨¤à¨ ਸਿਹਤ ਪà©à¨°à¨£à¨¾à¨²à© ਸਿਹਤ ਠਤ੠ਪਰਿਵਾਰ à¨à¨²à¨¾à¨ ਮੰਤਰਾਲ੠ਦ੠ਤਹਿਤ ਡà©à©°à¨à¨¾à¨ ਨਾਲ à¨à©°à¨® à¨à¨°à¨¦à© ਹà©, ਬà©à¨°à¨¿à¨à¨¿à¨¸à¨¼ ਬਸਤà©à¨µà¨¾à¨¦à© ਠà¨à¨¿à¨à¨¸à¨¾à¨ ਦà©à¨à¨°à¨¾ ਡà©à©°à¨à© ਪà©à¨°à¨à¨¾à¨µà¨¿à¨¤ ਹà©à©°à¨¦à© ਹà©. ਸੰਵਿਧਾਨ ਵੱà¨-ਵੱਠਸਰà¨à¨¾à¨°à© ਪੱਧਰਾਠ&#8216;ਤ੠à¨à¨¨à¨¤à¨ ਸਿਹਤ à¨à¨¼à¨¿à©°à¨®à©à¨µà¨¾à¨°à©à¨à¨ ਨà©à©° ਵੰਡਦਾ ਹà©: ਰਾਠਸਰà¨à¨¾à¨°à¨¾à¨ ਨà©à©° ਮà©à©±à¨ ਤà©à¨° ਤ੠à¨à¨¼à¨¿à©°à¨®à©à¨µà¨¾à¨° ਬਣਾà¨à¨à¨¦à¨¾ ਹà©. ਫਿਰ ਵà©, ਪਰਿਵਾਰ ਦ੠à¨à¨²à¨¾à¨ ਦ੠à¨à©à¨ à¨à©à¨¤à¨° ਰਾਠਠਤ੠à¨à©à¨à¨¦à¨°à© ਸਰà¨à¨¾à¨°à¨¾à¨ ਦ੠ਵਿà¨à¨à¨¾à¨° ਸਾà¨à¨à© à¨à©à¨¤à© à¨à¨ ਹਨ, à¨à¨¦à©à¨ à¨à¨¿ ਠੰਤਰਰਾਸ਼à¨à¨°à© ਸਿਹਤ ਦ੠ਨਿਯਮ, ਬੰਦਰà¨à¨¾à¨¹ ਸਿਹਤ ਠਧਿà¨à¨¾à¨°à© ਠਤ੠à¨à©à¨à¨°à¨à¨¸ ਯà©à¨¨à©à¨ ਨ ਲਿਸਠਦ੠ਠਧà©à¨¨ à¨à¨à¨à¨¦à© ਹਨ. ਰਾà¨à¨¾à¨ ਵਿੱà¨, à¨à¨¨à¨¤à¨ ਸਿਹਤ ਠਤ੠ਰà©à¨à¨¥à¨¾à¨® ਸੰਬੰਧ੠ਸਿਹਤ ਵਿà¨à¨¾à¨à¨¾à¨ à¨à¨¼à¨°à©à¨°à© à¨à¨¤à©à¨µà¨¿à¨§à©à¨à¨ à¨à¨¿à¨µà©à¨ à¨à¨¿ à¨à©à¨à©à¨¦à¨¾à¨°à© ਦ੠ਪà©à¨°à©à¨à¨°à¨¾à¨®, à¨à¨¸à¨¼à¨¾à¨°à¨¾à¨µà¨¾à¨¦à© ਨਿà¨à¨°à¨¾à¨¨à© (à¨à¨¾à¨à¨²à¨¡ ਹà©à¨²à¨¥ ਸਰਵਿਸਿà¨à¨¼, ਪà©à¨¸à¨¼à¨£ ਸੰਬੰਧ੠ਪà©à¨°à©à¨à¨°à¨¾à¨®à¨¾à¨ ਠਤ੠ਸਿਹਤ ਸਿੱà¨à¨¿à¨ ਮà©à¨¹à¨¿à©°à¨®. ਸਥਾਨਠਮਿ municipal à¨à¨¸à¨ªà¨² ਬਾਡà©à¨¸ ਸਫਾà¨, ਬਰਬਾਦ ਠਤ੠ਸà©à¨µà¨°à©à¨ ਪà©à¨°à¨¬à©°à¨§à¨¨ ਦਾ ਪà©à¨°à¨¬à©°à¨§ à¨à¨°à©, à¨à¨¦à©à¨ à¨à¨¿ à¨à©°à¨à©à¨¨à©à¨ ਰਿੰਠਵਿà¨à¨¾à¨ ਠਤ੠à¨à¨²à¨µà¨¾à¨° ਪਾਣ੠ਦ੠ਸਪਲਾਠਠਤ੠ਬà©à¨¨à¨¿à¨à¨¦à© .ਾà¨à¨à© ਦ੠ਨਿà¨à¨°à¨¾à¨¨à© à¨à¨°à¨¦à© ਹਨ. </p>
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