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<h4 class="sub_head">à¨à© ਲà©à¨ ਤਰà¨à¨¸à¨¼à©à¨² ਹਨ?</h4>
<p>ਦਹਾà¨à¨¿à¨à¨ ਤà©à¨, ਬà©à¨§à¨¾à¨¤à¨®à¨ ਵਿà¨à¨¿à¨à¨¨à© à¨à¨¸ ਬਾਰ੠ਹà©à¨°à¨¾à¨¨ ਹਨ à¨à¨¿ à¨à© ਮਨà©à©±à¨à© ਬà©à¨§ ਪà©à¨°à© ਤਰà©à¨¹à¨¾à¨ ਤਰà¨à¨¸à©°à¨à¨¤ ਹà©à¥¤ 1960 ਦ੠ਦਹਾà¨à© ਵਿੱà¨, ਮਨà©à¨µà¨¿à¨à¨¿à¨à¨¨à© <a rel="nofollow" target="_blank" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daniel_Kahneman" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">ਡà©à¨¨à©à¨ ਲ à¨à¨¾à¨¹à¨¨à©à¨®à¨¨</a> ਠਤ੠<a rel="nofollow" target="_blank" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amos_Tversky" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">ਠਮà©à¨¸ à¨à¨µà¨°à¨¸à¨à©</a> ਸੰà¨à¨¾à¨²à¨¿à¨¤ <a rel="nofollow" target="_blank" href="https://us.macmillan.com/books/9780374533557/thinking-fast-and-slow" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">à¨à¨¸ ਵਿਸ਼੠&#8216;ਤ੠ਪà©à¨°à¨®à©à©±à¨ à¨à©à¨</a>à¨à¨¸ ਨ੠ਸਿੱà¨à¨¾ à¨à©±à¨¢à¨¿à¨ à¨à¨¿ <a rel="nofollow" target="_blank" href="https://theconversation.com/people-use-mental-shortcuts-to-make-difficult-decisions-even-highly-trained-doctors-delivering-babies-168711" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">ਲà©à¨ ਠà¨à¨¸à¨° ਵਰਤਦ੠ਹਨ</a> &#8220;ਤà©à¨°à©°à¨¤ ਠਤ੠à¨à©°à¨¦à©&#8221; ਮਾਨਸਿਠਰਣਨà©à¨¤à©à¨à¨, à¨à¨¿à¨¸à¨¨à©à©° &#8220;ਤà©à¨à¨¼ ​​ਠਤ੠à¨à©°à¨¦à©&#8221; ਮਾਨਸਿਠਰਣਨà©à¨¤à©à¨à¨ ਵ੠à¨à¨¿à¨¹à¨¾ à¨à¨¾à¨à¨¦à¨¾ ਹ੠<a rel="nofollow" target="_blank" href="https://thedecisionlab.com/biases/heuristics/" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">heuristics</a>,</p>
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<h4 class="sub_head">à¨à¨ª-ਠਨà©à¨à©à¨² à¨à¨¾à¨ ਸਠਤà©à¨ ਵਧà©à¨ à¨à¨¹ ਹ੠ਸà¨à¨¦à¨¾ ਹà©?</h4>
<p>ਹਾਲਾà¨à¨à¨¿, 1980 ਦ੠ਦਹਾà¨à© ਵਿੱà¨, ਵਿà¨à¨¿à¨à¨¨à¨ ਸਾਹਿਤ ਵਿੱਠà¨à©à¨ ਨ੠à¨à¨¹ ਸà©à¨à¨¾à¨ ਦà©à¨£à¨¾ ਸ਼à©à¨°à© à¨à©à¨¤à¨¾ à¨à¨¿ ਮਨà©à©±à¨à© ਧਾਰਨਾ ਠਤ੠ਬà©à¨§ ਠà¨à¨¸à¨° à¨à¨ªà©à¨¤à¨® ਹ੠ਸà¨à¨¦à© ਹਨ। à¨à¨¦à¨¾à¨¹à¨°à¨¨ ਲà¨, ਬਹà©à¨¤ ਸਾਰ੠ਠਧਿà¨à¨¨à¨¾à¨ ਨ੠ਦਿà¨à¨¾à¨à¨ ਹ੠à¨à¨¿ ਲà©à¨ <a rel="nofollow" target="_blank" href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tics.2004.02.002" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">à¨à¨ à¨à©°à¨¦à¨°à©à¨à¨ ਤà©à¨ à¨à¨¾à¨£à¨à¨¾à¨°à© ਨà©à©° à¨à©à©à©</a> &#8211; à¨à¨¿à¨µà©à¨ à¨à¨¿ ਦà©à¨°à¨¿à¨¸à¨¼à¨à© ਠਤ੠ਸà©à¨£à¨¨à¨¾, à¨à¨¾à¨ ਦà©à¨°à¨¿à¨¸à¨¼à¨à© ਠਤ੠à¨à©à¨¹ &#8211; ਸੰਵà©à¨¦à© ਸੰà¨à©à¨¤à¨¾à¨ ਵਿੱਠਰà©à¨²à© ਦ੠ਬਾਵà¨à©à¨¦, ਠੰà¨à©à¨¾ ਪੱà¨à©à¨ ਠਨà©à¨à©à¨² ਹà©à¥¤</p>
<p>ਸ਼ਾà¨à¨¦ ਸਠਤà©à¨ ਮਹੱਤਵਪà©à¨°à¨¨, à¨à©à¨ ਨ੠ਦਿà¨à¨¾à¨à¨ ਹ੠à¨à¨¿ à¨à©±à¨à©-à¨à©±à¨ ਵਿਵਹਾਰ ਦà©à¨à¨ à¨à©à¨ à¨à¨¦à¨¾à¨¹à¨°à¨£à¨¾à¨ à¨à© ਠਨà©à¨à©à¨² ਤà©à¨ à¨à©±à¨ à¨à¨¾à¨ªà¨¦à©à¨à¨ ਹਨ ਠਸਲ ਵਿੱਠਬਿਲà¨à©à¨² à¨à¨²à¨ ਹਨ। à¨à¨¦à¨¾à¨¹à¨°à¨¨ ਲà¨, à¨à¨¹ à¨à©°à¨à© ਤਰà©à¨¹à¨¾à¨ à¨à¨¾à¨£à¨¿à¨ à¨à¨¾à¨à¨¦à¨¾ ਸ੠à¨à¨¿ ਲà©à¨ à¨à¨ ਵਾਰ à¨à¨¿à¨¸à© à¨à¨²à¨¦à© ਵਸਤ੠ਦ੠à¨à¨¤à© ਨà©à©° à¨à©±à¨ ਸਮà¨à¨¦à© ਹਨ. à¨à¨¸ ਲਠਵਿà¨à¨¿à¨à¨¨à©à¨à¨ ਨ੠ਠਨà©à¨®à¨¾à¨¨ ਲà¨à¨¾à¨à¨ à¨à¨¿ ਮਨà©à©±à¨à© ਵਿà¨à¨¼à©à¨ ਲ à¨à¨¤à© ਧਾਰਨਾ à¨à¨ª-ਠਨà©à¨à©à¨² ਹà©à¥¤</p>
<p>ਪਰ ਹà©à¨° <a rel="nofollow" target="_blank" href="https://doi.org/10.1038/nn0602-858" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">ਤਾà¨à¨¼à¨¾ à¨à©à¨ ਨ੠ਦਿà¨à¨¾à¨à¨ ਹà©</a> ਠੰà¨à©à¨¾à¨¤à¨®à¨ ਤà©à¨° &#8216;ਤ੠ਠਨà©à¨à©à¨² ਸੰਵà©à¨¦à© ਵਿà¨à¨à¨¿à¨ à¨à¨¾à¨ ਧਾਰਨਾ à¨à¨¹ ਹ੠à¨à© à¨à¨¿à¨¸à© ਵਸਤ੠ਦ੠à¨à¨¤à© ਬਾਰ੠ਵਿà¨à¨¼à©à¨ ਲ à¨à¨¾à¨£à¨à¨¾à¨°à© ਨà©à©° à¨à¨® à¨à¨¿à¨à¨¨ ਨਾਲ à¨à©à©à¨¦à© ਹ੠à¨à¨¿ ਸੰਸਾਰ ਵਿੱਠà¨à¨¼à¨¿à¨à¨¦à¨¾à¨¤à¨° ਵਸਤà©à¨à¨ ਸਥਿਰ à¨à¨¾à¨ ਹà©à¨²à©-ਹà©à¨²à© à¨à©±à¨²à¨¦à©à¨à¨ ਹਨ। à¨à¨¸ ਤà©à¨ à¨à¨²à¨¾à¨µà¨¾, à¨à¨¹ ਠਨà©à¨à©à¨² ਵਿà¨à¨à¨¿à¨ à¨à¨¿à¨¸à© ਵਸਤ੠ਦ੠à¨à¨¤à© ਨà©à©° à¨à©±à¨ ਸਮà¨à¨¦à© ਹ੠à¨à¨¦à©à¨ ਵਿà¨à¨¼à©à¨ ਲ à¨à¨¾à¨£à¨à¨¾à¨°à© ਰà©à¨²à©-ਰੱਪ੠ਵਾਲ੠à¨à¨¾à¨ à¨à©±à¨ à¨à©à¨£à¨µà©±à¨¤à¨¾ ਵਾਲ੠ਹà©à©°à¨¦à© ਹà©à¥¤</p>
<p>à¨à¨¿à¨à¨à¨à¨¿ ਸਿਧਾà¨à¨¤à¨ ਤà©à¨° &#8216;ਤ੠ਠਨà©à¨à©à¨² ਵਿà¨à¨à¨¿à¨ ਠਤ੠ਲà©à¨à¨¾à¨ ਦ੠ਠਸਲ ਵਿà¨à¨à¨¿à¨ ਸਮਾਨ ਸਥਿਤà©à¨à¨ ਵਿੱਠà¨à©±à¨à© à¨à¨¿à¨¹à©à¨à¨ à¨à¨²à¨¤à©à¨à¨ à¨à¨°à¨¦à© ਹਨ, à¨à¨¹ ਹ੠ਸà¨à¨¦à¨¾ ਹ੠à¨à¨¿ à¨à¨¹ ਤਰà©à©±à¨à©à¨à¨ à¨à¨¦à©à¨ ਠà¨à©±à¨² ਹà©à©°à¨¦à©à¨à¨ ਹਨ à¨à¨¦à©à¨ ਵਿà¨à¨¼à©à¨ ਲ à¨à¨¾à¨£à¨à¨¾à¨°à© ਠਧà©à¨°à© ਹà©à©°à¨¦à© ਹà©, ਠਤ੠ਲà©à¨ ਠਸਲ ਵਿੱਠà¨à¨¤à© ਦ੠à¨à¨¤à© ਨà©à©° ਸਮਠਰਹ੠ਹà©à©°à¨¦à© ਹਨ à¨à¨¿à¨µà©à¨ à¨à¨¿ à¨à¨¹à¨¨à¨¾à¨ ਨ੠ਸਮà¨à¨¿à¨ ਹà©à¨µà©à¨à¨¾à¥¤</p>
<p>ਮਨà©à©±à¨à© ਬà©à¨§ ਦਾ ਠਧਿà¨à¨¨ à¨à¨°à¨¨ ਵà©à¨²à© ਵਿà¨à¨¿à¨à¨¨à©à¨à¨ ਨ੠ਨਤà©à¨à© ਲੱà¨à©à¥¤ ਲà©à¨ ਠà¨à¨¸à¨° ਯਾਦ ਰੱà¨à¨£, ਤਰਠà¨à¨°à¨¨, ਫà©à¨¸à¨²à© ਲà©à¨£, ਯà©à¨à¨¨à¨¾ ਬਣਾà¨à¨£ à¨à¨¾à¨ à¨à©°à¨® à¨à¨°à¨¨ ਵਿੱਠà¨à¨²à¨¤à©à¨à¨ à¨à¨°à¨¦à© ਹਨ, à¨à¨¾à¨¸ ਤà©à¨° &#8216;ਤ੠ਠà¨à¨¿à¨¹à©à¨à¨ ਸਥਿਤà©à¨à¨ ਵਿੱਠà¨à¨¦à©à¨ à¨à¨¾à¨£à¨à¨¾à¨°à© ਠਸਪਸ਼ਠà¨à¨¾à¨ ਠਨਿਸ਼à¨à¨¿à¨¤ ਹà©à©°à¨¦à© ਹà©à¥¤ ਵਿà¨à¨¼à©à¨ ਲ à¨à¨¤à© ਦ੠ਠੰਦਾà¨à¨¼à© &#8216;ਤ੠à¨à©±à¨ ਸੰà¨à¨²à¨ªà¨¿à¨ à¨à¨¦à¨¾à¨¹à¨°à¨¨ ਦ੠ਤà©à¨° &#8216;ਤà©, ਸੰà¨à¨¿à¨à¨¤à¨®à¨ ਤà©à¨° &#8216;ਤ੠ਸਰਵà©à¨¤à¨® ਰਣਨà©à¨¤à© ਹ੠à¨à¨¦à©à¨ à¨à©±à¨ ਬà©à¨§à¨¾à¨¤à¨®à¨ à¨à¨¾à¨°à¨ à¨à¨°à¨¦à© ਹà©à¨ ਡà©à¨à¨¾ ਤà©à¨ à¨à¨¾à¨£à¨à¨¾à¨°à© ਨà©à©° à¨à©à©à¨¨à¨¾ ਹà©, à¨à¨¿à¨µà©à¨ à¨à¨¿ à¨à©à¨à¨¼à¨¾à¨ à¨à¨¿à¨µà©à¨ à¨à¨¿ à¨à¨¿à¨¸à© ਨ੠ਦà©à¨à¨¿à¨ à¨à¨¾à¨ ਠਨà©à¨à¨µ à¨à©à¨¤à¨¾ ਹà©, à¨à¨¸ ਬਾਰ੠à¨à¨® à¨à¨¿à¨à¨¨ ਨਾਲ à¨à¨¿ ਸੰਸਾਰ à¨à¨® ਤà©à¨° &#8216;ਤ੠à¨à¨¿à¨µà©à¨ à¨à©°à¨® à¨à¨°à¨¦à¨¾ ਹà©à¥¤ à¨à©à¨à¨à¨°à¨¤à¨¾à¨µà¨¾à¨ ਨ੠ਪਾà¨à¨ à¨à¨¿ ਠਨà©à¨à©à¨² ਰਣਨà©à¨¤à©à¨à¨ ਦà©à¨à¨°à¨¾ à¨à©à¨¤à©à¨à¨ à¨à¨à¨à¨ à¨à¨²à¨¤à©à¨à¨ &#8211; ਠਸਪਸ਼à¨à¨¤à¨¾ ਠਤ੠ਠਨਿਸ਼à¨à¨¿à¨¤à¨¤à¨¾ ਦ੠à¨à¨¾à¨°à¨¨ ਠà¨à©±à¨² à¨à¨²à¨¤à©à¨à¨ &#8211; ਠਸਲ ਵਿੱਠਲà©à¨à¨¾à¨ ਦà©à¨à¨°à¨¾ à¨à©à¨¤à©à¨à¨ à¨à¨à¨à¨ à¨à¨²à¨¤à©à¨à¨ ਨਾਲ ਮਿਲਦà©à¨à¨-à¨à©à¨²à¨¦à©à¨à¨ ਹਨ, à¨à¨¹ ਸà©à¨à¨¾à¨ ਦਿੰਦà©à¨à¨ ਹਨ à¨à¨¿ <a rel="nofollow" target="_blank" href="https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1111/j.1467-9280.2006.01780.x" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">ਲà©à¨ ਬà©à¨§à¨¾à¨¤à¨®à¨ à¨à©°à¨® ਵ੠à¨à¨° ਸà¨à¨¦à© ਹਨ à¨à¨¿à¨µà©à¨ à¨à¨¹ à¨à¨° ਸà¨à¨¦à© ਹਨ</a>,</p>
<p>à¨à¨¸ à¨à©±à¨² ਦਾ ਵੱਧ ਰਿਹਾ ਸਬà©à¨¤ ਹ੠à¨à¨¿ ਠਸਪਸ਼ਠà¨à¨¨à¨ªà©à¨ ਠਤ੠ਠਨਿਸ਼à¨à¨¿à¨¤ à¨à¨¾à¨£à¨à¨¾à¨°à© ਦ੠ਨਾਲ ਸà©à¨à¨£ ਠਤ੠ਤਰਠà¨à¨°à¨¨ ਵà©à¨²à© à¨à¨²à¨¤à©à¨à¨ ਲਾà¨à¨¼à¨®à© ਹà©à©°à¨¦à©à¨à¨ ਹਨ। à¨à© ਠà¨à¨¿à¨¹à¨¾ ਹà©, ਤਾਠà¨à¨²à¨¤à©à¨à¨ à¨à¨¼à¨°à©à¨°à© ਤà©à¨° &#8216;ਤ੠ਨà©à¨à¨¸à¨¦à¨¾à¨° ਮਾਨਸਿਠਪà©à¨°à¨à¨¿à¨°à¨¿à¨ ਦਾ ਸੰà¨à©à¨¤ ਨਹà©à¨ ਹਨ। ਵਾਸਤਵ ਵਿੱà¨, ਲà©à¨à¨¾à¨ ਦ੠ਠਨà©à¨à¨µà© ਠਤ੠ਬà©à¨§à¨¾à¨¤à¨®à¨ ਪà©à¨°à¨£à¨¾à¨²à©à¨à¨ ਠਸਲ ਵਿੱਠਬਹà©à¨¤ ਵਧà©à¨ ਢੰਠਨਾਲ à¨à©°à¨® à¨à¨° ਸà¨à¨¦à©à¨à¨ ਹਨ।</p>
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<h4 class="sub_head">ਤà©à¨¹à¨¾à¨¡à¨¾ ਦਿਮਾà¨, ਪਾਬੰਦà©à¨à¨ ਦ੠ਠਧà©à¨¨</h4>
<p>ਮਨà©à©±à¨ ਦ੠ਮਾਨਸਿਠਵਿਹਾਰ ਵਿੱਠਠà¨à¨¸à¨° ਰà©à¨à¨¾à¨µà¨à¨¾à¨ à¨à¨à¨à¨¦à©à¨à¨ ਹਨ। à¨à©à¨ ਰà©à¨à¨¾à¨µà¨à¨¾à¨ ਠੰਦਰà©à¨¨à© ਹà©à©°à¨¦à©à¨à¨ ਹਨ: ਲà©à¨à¨¾à¨ ਦਾ ਧਿà¨à¨¨ ਸà©à¨®à¨¤ ਹà©à©°à¨¦à¨¾ ਹ੠&#8211; ਤà©à¨¸à©à¨ à¨à©±à¨ ਵਾਰ ਵਿੱਠਹਰ à¨à©à¨à¨¼ ਵੱਲ ਧਿà¨à¨¨ ਨਹà©à¨ ਦ੠ਸà¨à¨¦à© ਹà©à¥¤ ਠਤ੠ਲà©à¨à¨¾à¨ à¨à©à¨² ਸà©à¨®à¨¤ ਮà©à¨®à©à¨°à© ਸਮਰੱਥਾ ਹ੠&#8211; ਤà©à¨¸à©à¨ ਹਰ à¨à©à¨à¨¼ ਨà©à©° ਪà©à¨°à© ਤਰà©à¨¹à¨¾à¨ ਨਾਲ ਯਾਦ ਨਹà©à¨ ਰੱਠਸà¨à¨¦à©à¥¤ ਹà©à¨° ਰà©à¨à¨¾à¨µà¨à¨¾à¨ ਬਾਹਰ੠ਹਨ, à¨à¨¿à¨µà©à¨ à¨à¨¿ ਸਮà©à¨ &#8216;ਤ੠ਫà©à¨¸à¨²à© ਲà©à¨£ ਠਤ੠à¨à©°à¨® à¨à¨°à¨¨ ਦ੠ਲà©à©à¥¤ à¨à¨¹à¨¨à¨¾à¨ ਰà©à¨à¨¾à¨µà¨à¨¾à¨ ਨà©à©° ਦà©à¨à¨¦à© ਹà©à¨, à¨à¨¹ ਹ੠ਸà¨à¨¦à¨¾ ਹ੠à¨à¨¿ ਲà©à¨à¨¾à¨ à¨à©à¨² ਹਮà©à¨¸à¨¼à¨¾ ਠਨà©à¨à©à¨² ਧਾਰਨਾ à¨à¨¾à¨ ਬà©à¨§ ਨਹà©à¨ ਹ੠ਸà¨à¨¦à¨¾ ਹà©à¥¤ </p>
<p>ਪਰ &#8211; ਠਤ੠à¨à¨¹ ਮà©à©±à¨ ਨà©à¨à¨¤à¨¾ ਹ੠&#8211; ਹਾਲਾà¨à¨à¨¿ ਤà©à¨¹à¨¾à¨¡à© ਧਾਰਨਾ ਠਤ੠ਸਮà¨à¨¦à¨¾à¨°à© à¨à¨¨à© à¨à©°à¨à© ਨਹà©à¨ ਹ੠ਸà¨à¨¦à© à¨à¨¿à©°à¨¨à© à¨à¨¹ ਹ੠ਸà¨à¨¦à© ਹ੠à¨à©à¨à¨° à¨à©à¨ ਰà©à¨à¨¾à¨µà¨à¨¾à¨ ਨਾ ਹà©à©°à¨¦à©à¨à¨, à¨à¨¹ ਠà¨à© ਵ੠à¨à©±à¨¨à©à¨à¨ à¨à©°à¨à©à¨à¨ ਹ੠ਸà¨à¨¦à©à¨à¨ ਹਨ। <a rel="nofollow" target="_blank" href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cobeha.2021.02.015" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">à¨à©°à¨à¨¾ à¨à¨¿à¨à¨à¨à¨¿ à¨à¨¹à¨¨à¨¾à¨ ਨà©à©° à¨à¨¹à¨¨à¨¾à¨ ਰà©à¨à¨¾à¨µà¨à¨¾à¨ ਦ੠ਮà©à¨à©à¨¦à¨à© ਦਿੱਤ੠à¨à¨¾ ਸà¨à¨¦à© ਹà©</a>,</p>
<p>ਠà¨à¨¿à¨¹à© ਸਮੱਸਿਠ&#8216;ਤ੠ਵਿà¨à¨¾à¨° à¨à¨°à© à¨à¨¿à¨¸ ਦ੠ਹੱਲ ਲਠਤà©à¨¹à¨¾à¨¨à©à©° à¨à©±à¨à© ਸਮà©à¨ à¨à¨ à¨à¨¾à¨°à¨à¨¾à¨ ਬਾਰ੠ਸà©à¨à¨£ ਦ੠ਲà©à© ਹà©à¥¤ à¨à©à¨à¨°, ਧਿà¨à¨¨ ਦ੠ਮਿà¨à¨¦ ਸà©à¨®à¨¾à¨µà¨¾à¨ ਦ੠à¨à¨¾à¨°à¨¨, ਤà©à¨¸à©à¨ à¨à©±à¨ ਵਾਰ ਵਿੱਠਸਾਰ੠à¨à¨¾à¨°à¨à¨¾à¨ ਬਾਰ੠ਨਹà©à¨ ਸà©à¨ ਸà¨à¨¦à©, ਤਾਠਤà©à¨¸à©à¨ ਠਨà©à¨à©à¨² ਹੱਲ ਬਾਰ੠ਸà©à¨à¨£ ਦ੠ਯà©à¨ ਨਹà©à¨ ਹà©à¨µà©à¨à©à¥¤ ਪਰ à¨à© ਤà©à¨¸à©à¨ à¨à©±à¨à© ਸਮà©à¨ à¨à¨ªà¨£à© ਮਨ ਵਿੱਠà¨à¨¿à©°à¨¨à© ਵ੠à¨à¨¾à¨°à¨à¨¾à¨ ਨà©à©° ਧਿà¨à¨¨ ਵਿੱਠਰੱਠਸà¨à¨¦à© ਹà©, ਬਾਰ੠ਸà©à¨à¨¦à© ਹà©, ਠਤ੠à¨à©à¨à¨° à¨à¨¹ ਸਮੱਸਿਠਲਠਸਠਤà©à¨ ਵੱਧ à¨à¨¾à¨£à¨à¨¾à¨°à© ਦà©à¨£ ਵਾਲ੠à¨à¨¾à¨°à¨ ਹਨ, ਤਾਠਤà©à¨¸à©à¨ à¨à©±à¨ ਬਾਰ੠ਸà©à¨à¨£ ਦ੠ਯà©à¨ ਹà©à¨µà©à¨à©. <a rel="nofollow" target="_blank" href="https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-444-53238-1.00004-1" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">ਸਠਤà©à¨ ਵਧà©à¨ ਸੰà¨à¨µ ਹੱਲ ਦਿੱਤਾ à¨à¨¿à¨ ਹà©</a> ਤà©à¨¹à¨¾à¨¡à¨¾ ਸà©à¨®à¨¤ ਧਿà¨à¨¨à¥¤</p>
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<p>										ਡਿà¨à©à¨à¨² ਡਿਵਾà¨à¨¸à¨¾à¨ ਸਾਡ੠ਦà©à¨à¨°à¨¾ à¨à¨¾à¨£à¨à¨¾à¨°à© ਨà©à©° ਯਾਦ ਰੱà¨à¨£ ਠਤ੠à¨à©à©±à¨²à¨£ ਦ੠ਤਰà©à¨à© ਨà©à©° ਬਦਲ ਰਹà©à¨à¨ ਹਨ</p></div>
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<h4 class="sub_head">ਮà©à¨®à©à¨°à© ਸà©à¨®à¨¾</h4>
<p>&#8220;ਸà©à¨®à¨¤ ਠਨà©à¨à©à¨²à¨¤à¨¾&#8221; &#8216;ਤ੠à¨à¨¼à©à¨° ਦà©à¨£ ਵਾਲ੠à¨à¨¸ ਪਹà©à©°à¨ ਨà©à©° à¨à¨ ਵਾਰ &#8220;&#8221; à¨à¨¿à¨¹à¨¾ à¨à¨¾à¨à¨¦à¨¾ ਹà©<a rel="nofollow" target="_blank" href="https://doi.org/10.1017/S0140525X1900061X" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">ਸਰà©à¨¤-ਤਰà¨à¨¸à¨¼à©à¨²</a>&#8220;ਪਹà©à©°à¨à¥¤ ਮà©à¨ ਠਤ੠ਮà©à¨°à© ਸਾਥà©à¨à¨ ਨ੠ਮਨà©à©±à¨à© ਮà©à¨®à©à¨°à© ਲਠà¨à©±à¨ ਸਰà©à¨¤-ਤਰà¨à¨¸à¨¼à©à¨² ਪਹà©à©°à¨ ਵਿà¨à¨¸à¨¿à¨¤ à¨à©à¨¤à© ਹà©à¥¤ ਸਾਡਾ ਫਰà©à¨®à¨µà¨°à¨ ਸà©à¨à¨¦à¨¾ ਹ੠<a rel="nofollow" target="_blank" href="https://doi.org/10.1037/a0029856" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">ਸੰà¨à¨¾à¨° à¨à©à¨¨à¨² ਦ੠à¨à©±à¨ à¨à¨¿à¨¸à¨® ਦ੠ਰà©à¨ª ਵਿੱਠਮà©à¨®à©à¨°à©</a>,</p>
<p>à¨à¨¦à©à¨ ਤà©à¨¸à©à¨ à¨à¨¿à¨¸à© ਵਸਤ੠ਨà©à©° ਮà©à¨®à©à¨°à© ਲਠਵà¨à¨¨à¨¬à©±à¨§ à¨à¨°à¨¦à© ਹà©, ਤਾਠà¨à¨¹ à¨à¨¸ ਤਰà©à¨¹à¨¾à¨ ਹà©à©°à¨¦à¨¾ ਹ੠à¨à¨¿à¨µà©à¨ ਤà©à¨¸à©à¨ à¨à¨ªà¨£à© à¨à¨µà¨¿à©±à¨ ਦ੠ਸਵ੠ਨà©à©° ਸà©à¨¨à©à¨¹à¨¾ à¨à©à¨ ਰਹ੠ਹà©. ਹਾਲਾà¨à¨à¨¿, à¨à¨¸ à¨à©à¨¨à¨² ਦ੠ਸਮਰੱਥਾ ਸà©à¨®à¨¤ ਹà©, ਠਤ੠à¨à¨¸ ਤਰà©à¨¹à¨¾à¨ à¨à¨¹ à¨à©±à¨ ਸੰਦà©à¨¸à¨¼ ਦ੠ਸਾਰ੠ਵà©à¨°à¨µà© ਪà©à¨°à¨¸à¨¾à¨°à¨¿à¨¤ ਨਹà©à¨ à¨à¨° ਸà¨à¨¦à¨¾ ਹà©à¥¤ ਨਤà©à¨à© ਵà¨à©à¨, ਬਾਠਦ ਵਿੱਠਮà©à¨®à©à¨°à© ਤà©à¨ ਮà©à© ਪà©à¨°à¨¾à¨ªà¨¤ à¨à©à¨¤à¨¾ ਸà©à¨¨à©à¨¹à¨¾ à¨à©±à¨ ਪà©à¨°à¨¾à¨£à© ਸਮà©à¨ ਵਿੱਠਮà©à¨®à©à¨°à© ਵਿੱਠਰੱà¨à© ਸੰਦà©à¨¸à¨¼ ਵਾà¨à¨ ਨਹà©à¨ ਹ੠ਸà¨à¨¦à¨¾ ਹà©à¥¤ à¨à¨¸à© à¨à¨°à¨à© ਯਾਦਦਾਸ਼ਤ ਦà©à¨à¨ à¨à¨²à¨¤à©à¨à¨ ਹà©à©°à¨¦à©à¨à¨ ਹਨ।</p>
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<p>ਵਾਸਤਵ ਵਿੱà¨, à¨à©à¨à¨à¨°à¨¤à¨¾à¨µà¨¾à¨ ਨ੠ਪਾà¨à¨ ਹ੠à¨à¨¿ ਲà©à¨ à¨à¨°à¨¦à© ਹਨ <a rel="nofollow" target="_blank" href="https://doi.org/10.1016/S0042-6989%2897%2900116-8" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">à¨à¨¾à¨°à¨-ਸੰਬੰਧਿਤ ਵà©à¨°à¨µà¨¿à¨à¨ ਨà©à©° ਯਾਦ ਰੱà¨à© ਠਤ੠à¨à¨¾à¨°à¨-ਠਪà©à¨°à¨¸à©°à¨à¨¿à¨ ਵà©à¨°à¨µà¨¿à¨à¨ ਨà©à©° à¨à©à©±à¨² à¨à¨¾à¨</a>à¨à¨¸ ਤà©à¨ à¨à¨²à¨¾à¨µà¨¾, <a rel="nofollow" target="_blank" href="https://doi.org/10.1037/rev0000197" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">ਲà©à¨ à¨à¨® ਸਾਰ ਨà©à©° ਯਾਦ à¨à¨°à¨¦à© ਹਨ</a> ਮà©à¨®à©à¨°à© ਵਿੱਠਰੱà¨à© ਵਸਤ੠ਦ੠ਬਾਰà©à¨ ਵà©à¨°à¨µà¨¿à¨à¨ ਨà©à©° à¨à©à©±à¨² à¨à¨¾à¨£à¨¾à¥¤ à¨à¨¦à©à¨ ਠà¨à¨¿à¨¹à¨¾ ਹà©à©°à¨¦à¨¾ ਹà©, ਲà©à¨ ਮਾਨਸਿਠਤà©à¨° &#8216;ਤ੠à¨à©à©°à¨® ਹà©à¨ ਵà©à¨°à¨µà¨¿à¨à¨ ਨà©à©° ਸਠਤà©à¨ ਵੱਧ ਠà¨à¨¸à¨° à¨à¨¾à¨ à¨à¨® à¨à©à¨£à¨¾à¨ ਨਾਲ &#8220;à¨à¨°à¨¨à¨¾&#8221; ਸ਼à©à¨°à© à¨à¨°à¨¦à© ਹਨ। à¨à©±à¨ ਠਰਥ ਵਿੱà¨, à¨à¨¦à©à¨ ਵà©à¨°à¨µà© à¨à©à©°à¨® ਹà©à©°à¨¦à© ਹਨ ਤਾਠà¨à¨® ਵਿਸ਼à©à¨¸à¨¼à¨¤à¨¾à¨µà¨¾à¨ ਦ੠ਵਰਤà©à¨ à¨à¨°à¨¨à¨¾ à¨à©±à¨ à¨à¨¿à¨¸à¨® ਦ੠à¨à©à¨à© ਹ੠&#8211; à¨à¨¹ à¨à©±à¨ ਤà©à¨à¨¼ ਠਤ੠à¨à©°à¨¦à© ਰਣਨà©à¨¤à© ਹ੠à¨à© ਠà¨à¨¸à¨° à¨à©°à¨à© ਤਰà©à¨¹à¨¾à¨ à¨à©°à¨® à¨à¨°à©à¨à© ਪਰ à¨à¨ ਵਾਰ ਠਸਫਲ ਹ੠à¨à¨¾à¨à¨¦à© ਹà©à¥¤</p>
<p>ਮà©à¨¨à©à©° à¨à¨¾à¨à¨²à©à¨ à¨à¨¿à©±à¨ª à¨à©à¨à©à¨à¨¼ à¨à¨¾à¨£à¨¾ à¨à¨¿à¨à¨ ਯਾਦ à¨à¨à¨ à¨à¨¦à©à¨, ਠਸਲ ਵਿੱà¨, ਮà©à¨ à¨à¨à¨®à©à¨² à¨à¨¿à¨¸à¨¼à¨®à¨¿à¨¸à¨¼ à¨à©à¨à©à¨à¨¼ à¨à¨¾à¨§à© ਸà©? à¨à¨¿à¨à¨à¨à¨¿ ਮà©à¨¨à©à©° à¨à¨ªà¨£à© ਤà¨à¨¼à¨°à¨¬à© ਦਾ ਸੰà¨à©à¨ª ਯਾਦ ਸ੠&#8211; à¨à©à¨à©à¨à¨¼ à¨à¨¾à¨£à¨¾ &#8211; ਪਰ ਮà©à¨ ਬਾਰà©à¨ ਵà©à¨°à¨µà¨¿à¨à¨ ਨà©à©° à¨à©à©±à¨² à¨à¨¿à¨, ਠਤ੠à¨à¨¸ ਤਰà©à¨¹à¨¾à¨ à¨à¨¹à¨¨à¨¾à¨ ਵਰਣਨਾਠਨà©à©° ਸਠਤà©à¨ à¨à¨® à¨à©à¨£à¨¾à¨ ਨਾਲ à¨à¨° ਦਿੱਤਾ, ਠਰਥਾਤ à¨à¨¾à¨à¨²à©à¨ à¨à¨¿à¨ªà¨¸ ਵਾਲà©à¨à¨ à¨à©à¨à©à¨à¨¼à¥¤ ਦà©à¨à© ਸ਼ਬਦਾਠਵਿੱà¨, à¨à¨¹ à¨à¨²à¨¤à© ਦਰਸਾà¨à¨à¨¦à© ਹ੠à¨à¨¿ ਮà©à¨°à© ਮà©à¨®à©à¨°à© à¨à¨¸à© ਤਰà©à¨¹à¨¾à¨ à¨à©°à¨® à¨à¨° ਰਹ੠ਹ੠à¨à¨¿à¨µà©à¨ à¨à¨¿ à¨à¨¹ à¨à¨ªà¨£à©à¨à¨ à¨à¨®à©à¨à¨ ਦ੠ਤਹਿਤ à¨à¨° ਸà¨à¨¦à© ਹà©à¥¤ ਠਤ੠à¨à¨¹ à¨à©±à¨ à¨à©°à¨à© à¨à©±à¨² ਹà©.</p>
<p><i>(ਰਾਬਰਠà¨à©à¨à¨¬à¨à¨¼, ਦਿਮਾਠਠਤ੠ਬà©à¨§à¨¾à¨¤à¨®à¨ ਵਿà¨à¨¿à¨à¨¨ ਦ੠ਪà©à¨°à©à¨«à©à¨¸à¨°, ਰà©à¨à©à¨¸à¨à¨° ਯà©à¨¨à©à¨µà¨°à¨¸à¨¿à¨à©)</i></p>
<p><i>(à¨à¨¹ ਲà©à¨ à¨à¨°à©à¨à¨à¨¿à¨µ à¨à¨¾à¨®à¨¨à¨à¨¼ ਲਾà¨à¨¸à©°à¨¸ ਦ੠ਤਹਿਤ à¨à©±à¨²à¨¬à¨¾à¨¤ ਤà©à¨ ਮà©à© ਪà©à¨°à¨à¨¾à¨¸à¨¼à¨¿à¨¤ à¨à©à¨¤à¨¾ à¨à¨¿à¨ ਹà©à¥¤ ਮà©à¨² ਲà©à¨ à¨à©±à¨¥à© ਪà©à©à¨¹à©: <a rel="nofollow" target="_blank" href="https://theconversation.com/misremembering-might-actually-be-a-sign-your-memory-is-working-optimally-166089" target="_blank" rel="nofollow"></a></i></p>
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